Bi-SC Concept for Connecting NATO and National Training Capabilities IPR

1. 10 July 2014 NATO UNCLASSIFIED Bi-SC Concept for Connecting NATO and National Training CapabilitiesIPR • Angel San Jose Martin • ACT Project Manager • Wolfhard Schmidt • LTC, DEU A • JFTC Team Leader NATO UNCLASSIFIED

2. Agenda • CFI Background • Preliminary Findings in Training and Exercises • Selected Areas of Focus: • Participation in CAX - Issues • Training and Exercise Experiences and Impressions • Interoperability Experiences and Impressions • Participation in Multi-national exercises • Observations and Conclusions

3. “After 2014, NATO is expected to shift its emphasis from operational engagement to operational preparedness.” Connected Forces Initiative Scope • CFI’s prevailing philosophy: • Connecting Allied Forces to enhance and sustain Interoperability • Expanded Education and Training, increased Exercises • Better use of Technology • Connect NATO with othersto facilitate Interagency Actions • Connect with Partners to enable cooperative Security • Intent: To deliver a mutually-reinforcing, globally-oriented education and training system which is more connected, more effective and more efficient. CFI is Not: • A Substitute for National Training responsibilities but an “add-on.” • A Cost Free Solution for National Training.

4. Aim, Objectives, and Scope Bi-SC Concept Aim. To identify requirements, gaps and propose solutions to connect NATO and national training capabilities to facilitate joint collective training, exercises. Objectives. • To identify Joint collective training and exercise requirements. • To identify existing capabilities within NATO, national programs, and national training facilities. • To identify the gaps between these requirements and capabilities. • To employ the DOTMLPFI construct to provide recommendations to overcome the identified gaps. • To serve as a “discussion-driving” forcing function among the nations and NATO. • To establish a common lexicon and understanding of terms and definitions. Scope. • An analysis, which identifies potential seams and capability gaps, and recommends solutions to overcome capability deficiencies for NATO collective training and exercises. • The identification of federation possibilities among the various tools available in the NATO and national training facilities to deliver mutually reinforcing and globally oriented collective training and exercises. • NATO education requirements for CFI are considered a separate category outside the scope of this concept.

5. Bi-SC CFI Technology Focus Areas

6. Bottom Line Up Front • Growing need for exercises below the Joint and Operational Level • Larger nations have the capabilities that meet their requirements. • Smaller nations will cooperate with larger nations for multi-national training and exercises. • Common scenarios, generic forces, data bases, and terrain data will become the norm to facilitate rapid exercise planning and conduct of exercises. • Unclassified networks will be the communication means of choice due to information security barriers associated with classified networks • Deployable brigade-size units will be the norm for the majority of NATO nations and likely be the norm for the partners. • More simulations will be federated to maximize the capabilities of the various simulations and tools. • Exercise planning will move to mini-MTEPs because the current NATO planning time and sequence takes too long. • The CFI concept is being taken seriously by the nations.

7. Focus Areas • Decreasing the lead time required for exercise preparation (both CAX and distributed exercises) • Common scenarios, generic forces, data bases, and terrain data represent opportunities to facilitate rapid exercise planning and conduct of exercises. • Increasing access to unclassified networks will enhance communication and connectivity, resulting in a reduction in training and exercise preparation time • Exercise planning will move to mini-MTEPs because the current NATO planning time and sequence takes too long. • Promotion of an increase in the use federations will provide an opportunity to maximize the capabilities of current simulations and tools. 1 2 Enhancing connectivity among NATO command & control systems • The development of standardized C2 methodologies for NATO systems may enhance connectivity Enhancing connectivity among national systems • Encouraging the development of standardized C2 methodologies for national systems may enhance connectivity. 3 • Increasing participation in multi-national exercises • While larger nations have the capabilities that meet their requirements, smaller nations will likely begin to cooperate with larger nations for multi-national training and exercises. 4

8. Long Lead Time for Preparation Problem. Long lead times have a negative impact on command and control, resources, personnel and the ability to participate in an increased number of exercises. Assessment. Doctrinal and regulatory changes are needed which includes alignment of national and NATO Exercise planning methodologies. Conclusion. Creation of a streamlined, efficient, well understood planning process across nations will be a major aspect of CFI that will give value to the nations and NATO.

9. Survey Respondent Additional CAX Experience Comments

10. Connecting Using NATO Systems Problem. Participants in CAX and distributed exercises request increased support in connecting using NATO systems. Assessment. Doctrinal, process,and procedural changes are needed to enhance the capability for participants to use NATO systems during exercises. Conclusion. Enhancement of processes and procedures and the use of common communication systems and hardware will assist participants across a variety of exercise types in connecting using NATO systems.

11. CommentsIndicating a “Gap” in Capabilities related to multinational exercises

12. Connecting with Other Nations Problem. From an interoperability point of view, respondents request support in connecting with other nations and their communication systems. The issue of INFOSEC as it relates to networks must be addressed. Assessment. Doctrinal, processes, and procedural changes are needed to enhance the capability of participants to connect with other nations during training and exercises. Conclusion. Enhancement of processes and procedures to facilitate connectivity between and among nations will enhance the capability to connect NATO and national training and exercise capabilities.

13. Interoperability Comments

14. Increase Multi-national Participation Problem. Currently, participation in multi-national exercises typically occurs only with NATO led multi-national exercises. The frequency of multi-national exercises is going to increase as NATO moves to Forces 2020. The nations may have to increase their involvement in multi-national exercises to accommodate training opportunities. Assessment. The number of multi-national, NATO, and national exercises are going to increase. Participation in multi-national training and exercises will increase to promote interoperability among the nations. Conclusion. Implementation of processes and procedures that will encourage and facilitate participation in multi-national exercises may encourage increased participation in multi-national exercises.

15. Survey Respondent Additional Distributed Exercise Experience Comments

16. Survey Respondent Additional Multi-national Exercise Experience Comments

17. Observations and Conclusions Observations Conclusions The survey identifies four main areas for development: The development of standardized CAX and distributed exercise training and exercise processes and procedures that may allow participants to be more prepared prior to the exercise could enhance participation. • Decreasing the lead time required for exercise preparation (both CAX and distributed exercises) 1 The development of standardized C2 methodologies for NATO systems may enhance connectivity. • Enhancing connectivity among NATO command & control systems 2 The development of accepted and standardized C2 methodologies among nations may enhance connectivity. • Enhancing connectivity between and among nations 3 Implementation of processes and procedures that would encourage and facilitate participation in multi-national exercises may encourage increased participation in multi-national exercises. • Increasing participation in multi-national exercises 4