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Self Instruction - Part 225 Training

Presentation to Railroad Accident Reporting Personnel Training Module II (Group II) FRA Form F 6180.54 Rail Equipment Accident/Incident Report, FRA Form F 6180.81 – Human Factor Attachment, and FRA Form F 6180.78 – Employee Supplement. Self Instruction - Part 225 Training

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Self Instruction - Part 225 Training

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  1. Presentation to Railroad Accident Reporting PersonnelTraining Module II (Group II) FRA Form F 6180.54Rail Equipment Accident/Incident Report, FRA Form F 6180.81 – Human Factor Attachment, andFRA Form F 6180.78 – Employee Supplement Self Instruction - Part 225 Training Based on the FRA Guide for Preparing Accident/Incident Reports and Related Reporting and Record Keeping Forms FRA Guide Revision of June 1, 2011 _______________________________________ Federal Railroad Administration Washington, D.C. Last Revision: August 1, 2017

  2. Training Module GROUP II Accident/Incident Reporting Rail Equipment Accidents/Incidents

  3. Agenda – Day 1 – 1:00 pm – 2:45 pm • MONTHLY REPORTING OBLIGATION (Continued) • GROUP II – RAIL EQUIPMENT ACCIDENTS/INCIDENTS • Requirements for Reporting • Definitions • FRA Form F 6180.54 – Rail Equipment Accident/Incident Report • Human Factor Forms – FRA Forms F 6180.81 and F 6180

  4. Monthly Reporting Obligation What is to be Reported? • Group II – Rail Equipment Accident/Incident REQUIREMENT: “Anyderailment, fire, explosion, act of God, or other event involving operation of railroad on-track equipment (standing or moving) that results in reportable damages greater than the current reporting threshold to railroad on-track equipment, signals, track, track structures, and roadbed.”

  5. Monthly Reporting Obligation What is to be Reported? • Group II – Rail Equipment Accident/Incident REPORTING FORM FRA Form F 6180.54, “Rail Equipment Accident/Incident Report” This form is to be submitted with the railroad’s monthly report submission when a reportable rail equipment accident/incident occurs.

  6. Monthly Reporting Obligation What is to be Reported? • Group II – Rail Equipment Accident/Incident The accident becomes Reportable when the monetary “Reporting Threshold” is exceeded: • Reporting Threshold. The amount of total reportable damage resulting from a train accident which, if exceeded, requires the preparation and forwarding of Form FRA F 6180.54 by the railroads involved. The reporting thresholds for calendar years 2002-2017 are on the next slide.

  7. Monthly Reporting Obligation

  8. Monthly Reporting Obligation What is to be Reported? • Group II – Rail Equipment Accident/Incident • Reportable Damage includes labor costs and all other costs to repair or replace in-kind, damaged on-track equipment, signals, track, track structures, or roadbed. Reportable damage does not include the cost of clearing a wreck. However, additional damage to the above-listed items caused while clearing the wreck is to be included in the damage estimate.

  9. Monthly Reporting Obligation What is to be Reported? • Group II – Rail Equipment Accident/Incident • There are two components of “Reportable Damage”: • Equipment Damage, and • Track Damage,to include signals, track, track structures, including bridges or tunnels, damaged equipment detectors (e.g., hot box detector), switches, or other electronic equipment or roadbed.

  10. Monthly Reporting Obligation What is to be Reported? • Group II – Rail Equipment Accident/Incident • Definition - Equipment Damage: All costs, including labor and material, associated with the repair or replacement in-kind of on-track rail equipment. Trailers/containers on flatcars are considered to be lading and damage to these is not to be included in on-track equipment damage. Damage to a flatcar carrying a trailer/container is to be included in reportable damage.

  11. Monthly Reporting Obligation What is to be Reported? • Group II – Rail Equipment Accident/Incident • Definition – Track Damage: All costs, including labor and material, associated with the repair or replacement in-kind of signals, track, track structures (including bridges or tunnels), damaged equipment detectors (e.g., hot box detector), switches, or other electronic equipment; or roadbeds that were damaged in a collision, derailment, or other reportable event.

  12. When FRA discovered an Unreported Reportable Rail Equipment Accident FRA asked… Railroad responded.. Why didn’t you report the Rail Equipment Accident? All damage was to the foreign train – we had no damage! POSSIBLE WRONG ANSWER

  13. Monthly Reporting Obligation Comments about Form FRA F 6180.54, “Rail Equipment Accident/Incident Report” Inter Image requested that we advise the following: Item 6, “Time of Accident/Incident” • Do not use military time! Item 6, “Time of Accident/Incident” is to be entered as AM or PM.

  14. Monthly Reporting Obligation Item 7, FRA Form F 6180.54, “Type of Accident/Incident” FRA Codes for Classification of Type of Accident/Incident 1. Derailment 8. Railroad grade crossing 2. Head on collision 9. Obstruction 3. Rear end collision 10. Explosion-detonation 4. Side collision 11. Fire/violent rupture 5. Raking collision 12. Other impacts (added 1-1-1997) 6. Broken train collision 13. Other (describe in narrative) 7. Highway-rail crossing

  15. Monthly Reporting Obligation Item 7, FRA Form F 6180.54, “Type of Accident/Incident” IMPORTANT CONCEPT - Page 114, Chapter 7, FRA Guide: 7.2.2 Classification of Train Accident/Incident - The classification of a train accident by type (collision, derailment, other) is determined by the FIRST REPORTABLE EVENT in the accident sequence. All reports for a single accident are to use the same designation. For example, if, a derailment occurs, and the derailed equipment immediately strikes a consist on an adjacent track, the report for this additional consist will indicate that the accident type was a derailment, not a collision.

  16. Monthly Reporting Obligation Item 7, FRA Form F 6180.54, “Type of Accident/Incident” IMPORTANT CONCEPT - Chapter 2, Definitions, FRA Guide: The Three Major Categories - Type of Accidents/Incidents: 1. Derailments 2. Collisions 3. Other Accidents It is important to know which “Major Category” that each of the 13 specific Types of Accidents/Incidents are placed.

  17. Monthly Reporting Obligation Item 7, FRA Form F 6180.54, “Type of Accident/Incident” IMPORTANT CONCEPT - Chapter 2, Definitions, FRA Guide: The first Major Category is EASY – The “Derailments” category contains only one of the 13 specific Types of Accidents/Incidents: 1. Derailments

  18. Monthly Reporting Obligation Item 7, FRA Form F 6180.54, “Type of Accident/Incident” IMPORTANT CONCEPT - Chapter 2, Definitions, FRA Guide: The second Major Category, “Collisions” contains six of the 13 specific Types of Accidents/Incidents: 1. Head on Collision 2. Raking Collision 3. Rear end Collision 4. Broken Train Collision 5. Side Collision 6. Railroad Crossing Collision

  19. Monthly Reporting Obligation Item 7, FRA Form F 6180.54, “Type of Accident/Incident” IMPORTANT CONCEPT - Chapter 2, Definitions, FRA Guide: The third Major Category, “Other Accidents/Incidents” contain 6 of the 13 specific Types of Accidents/Incidents: 1. Highway-Rail Grade Crossing 2. Fire or Violent Rupture 3. Obstruction Incident 4. Other Impacts 5. Explosion/Detonation 6. Other Accidents/Incidents

  20. Monthly Reporting Obligation Item 7, FRA Form F 6180.54, “Type of Accident/Incident” IMPORTANT DEFINITIONS FOR PROPER CLASSIFICATION page 22, Chapter 2, current FRA Guide: 1. Derailment - A derailment occurs when on-track equipment leaves the rail for a reason other than a collision, explosion, highway-rail grade crossing impact, etc.

  21. Monthly Reporting Obligation Item 7, FRA Form F 6180.54, “Type of Accident/Incident” IMPORTANT DEFINITIONS FOR PROPER CLASSIFICATION Page 19, Chapter 2, FRA Guide: Collision. A collision is defined as an impact between on-track equipment consists while both are on rails and where one of the consists is operating under train movement rules or is subject to the protection afforded to trains. This definition includes instances where a portion of a consist occupying a siding is fouling the mainline and is struck by an approaching train.(Continued to next slide)

  22. Monthly Reporting Obligation Item 7, FRA Form F 6180.54, “Type of Accident/Incident” IMPORTANT DEFINITIONS FOR PROPER CLASSIFICATION Page 19, Chapter 2, FRA Guide: Collision (Continued). The collision definition does NOT include impacts occurring while switching within yards, as in making up or breaking up trains, shifting or setting out cars, etc. Impacts of this type are to be classified as “Other Impacts” accidents (Code “12” in Item 7 on Form F 6180.54), when all consists involved are part of the switching movement. The timetable, or schedule direction, should govern the classification of collisions when either one of the trains or the locomotives is at rest, or when its incidental movement temporarily differs from the schedule direction.

  23. Monthly Reporting Obligation Item 7, FRA Form F 6180.54, “Type of Accident/Incident” IMPORTANT DEFINITIONS FOR PROPER CLASSIFICATION Page 19, Chapter 2, FRA Guide: 2. Head on collision - A collision in which the trains or locomotives, or electric multiple unit (EMU) or diesel multiple-unit (DMU) trains, involved are traveling in opposite directions on the same track, provided that both consists have a locomotive (or EMU or DMU trains).

  24. Monthly Reporting Obligation Item 7, FRA Form F 6180.54, “Type of Accident/Incident” IMPORTANT DEFINITIONS FOR PROPER CLASSIFICATION Page 19, Chapter 2, FRA Guide: 3. Rear end collision - A collision in which the trains or locomotives, (or EMU or DMU trains) involved, are traveling in the same direction on the same track, provided that both consists have a locomotive (or EMU or DMU trains).

  25. Monthly Reporting Obligation Item 7, FRA Form F 6180.54, “Type of Accident/Incident” IMPORTANT DEFINITIONS FOR PROPER CLASSIFICATION Page 19, Chapter 2, FRA Guide: 4. Side collision - A collision at a turnout where one consist strikes the side of another consist. Note: To meet the definitions of “collision” it must be an impact between on-track equipment consists while both are on rails and where one of the consists is operating under train movement rules or is subject to the protection afforded to trains. This definition includes instances where a portion of a consist occupying a siding is fouling the mainline and is struck by an approaching train. . If neither has a locomotive (or EMU or DMU), the event is NOT to be classified as a collision.

  26. Monthly Reporting Obligation Item 7, FRA Form F 6180.54, “Type of Accident/Incident” Below is a picture of a single car on the rails that has been left out to foul at a turnout. If another consist containing a locomotive that is operating under train movement rules, or is subject to the protection afforded to trains, would come along and impact this standing single car, would this accident meet the definition for a COLLISION? QUESTIONS: If you answer “Yes, this is a collision,” would this be a “Side collision” or a “Rear end collision”? If you answer “No,” this is not a Collision,” what “Type of Accident/Incident” code would you use to classify this accident?

  27. Monthly Reporting Obligation Item 7, FRA Form F 6180.54, “Type of Accident/Incident” IMPORTANT DEFINITIONS FOR PROPER CLASSIFICATION Page 20, Chapter 2, FRA Guide: 5. Raking collision - A collision between parts or lading of a consist on an adjacent track, or with a structure such as a bridge. FRA finds many times that railroads improperly classify an accident as a “Raking Collision” when it occurs at a switch or turnout.

  28. Monthly Reporting Obligation Item 7, FRA Form F 6180.54, “Type of Accident/Incident” Photo of “Two Main Tracks,” or “Double Track,” showing an example of an “Adjacent” Track:

  29. Monthly Reporting Obligation Item 7, FRA Form F 6180.54, “Type of Accident/Incident” Example - “Raking Collision” involving “Adjacent” Track: May 16, 1994 – Selma (Johnson County), North Carolina – Amtrak Train No. 87, southbound on #2 Main Track struck a trailer loaded on the 51st car in northbound CSX Train No. R176 operating on #1 Main Track. The trailer had came loose and swung into the path of the approaching Amtrak train. The Assistant Engineer of Amtrak Train No. 87 was killed in this “Raking Collision”.

  30. Monthly Reporting Obligation Item 7, FRA Form F 6180.54, “Type of Accident/Incident” Photo showing example of where a “Raking Collision” could occur on a “Single Main Track,” or in multiple main track territory.

  31. Monthly Reporting Obligation Item 7, FRA Form F 6180.54, “Type of Accident/Incident” IMPORTANT DEFINITIONS FOR PROPER CLASSIFICATION Page 20, Chapter 2, FRA Guide: 6. Broken train collision - A collision in which a moving train breaks into parts and an impact occurs between these parts, or when a portion of the broken train collides with another consist. Note: The several parts of a broken train are not to be treated as separate consists for reporting purposes. Information concerning such trains are to be reported on a single form.

  32. Monthly Reporting Obligation Item 7, FRA Form F 6180.54, “Type of Accident/Incident” IMPORTANT DEFINITIONS FOR PROPER CLASSIFICATION Page 20, Chapter 2, FRA Guide: 8. Railroad grade crossing - A collision between on-track railroad equipment at a point where tracks intersect. Accident at railroad crossing, Bryan, Ohio – March 25, 1998 – Photos from NTSB Report

  33. Monthly Reporting Obligation Item 7, FRA Form F 6180.54, “Type of Accident/Incident” IMPORTANT DEFINITIONS FOR PROPER CLASSIFICATION Page 23, Chapter 2, FRA Guide: OTHER ACCIDENTS: There is no specific definition for this third major category, however the remaining six specific Types of Accidents/Incidents are listed under the caption, “OTHER ACCIDENTS”.

  34. Monthly Reporting Obligation Item 7, FRA Form F 6180.54, “Type of Accident/Incident” IMPORTANT DEFINITIONS FOR PROPER CLASSIFICATION Page 23, Chapter 2, FRA Guide: Highway-Rail Grade Crossing Accident/Incident: Any impact between on-track railroad equipment and a highway user at a highway-rail grade crossing. Highway-rail grade crossing means: (1) a location where a public highway, road, or street, or a private roadway, including associated sidewalks, crosses one or more railroad tracks at grade; or Continued to next slide

  35. Monthly Reporting Obligation Item 7, FRA Form F 6180.54, “Type of Accident/Incident” IMPORTANT DEFINITIONS FOR PROPER CLASSIFICATION Page 23, Chapter 2, FRA Guide: Highway-Rail Grade Crossing Accident/Incident: (2) a location where a pathway explicitly authorized by a public authority or a railroad carrier that is dedicated for the use of non-vehicular traffic, including pedestrians, bicyclists, and others, that is not associated with a public highway, road, or street, or a private roadway, crosses one or more railroad tracks at grade.

  36. Monthly Reporting Obligation Item 7, FRA Form F 6180.54, “Type of Accident/Incident” IMPORTANT DEFINITIONS FOR PROPER CLASSIFICATION Page 24, Chapter 2, FRA Guide: 9. Obstruction Accident- An accident/incident in which a consist strikes: • 1) a bumping post or a foreign object on the track right-of-way; Continued to next slide

  37. Monthly Reporting Obligation Item 7, FRA Form F 6180.54, “Type of Accident/Incident” IMPORTANT DEFINITIONS FOR PROPER CLASSIFICATION Page 24, Chapter 2, FRA Guide: 9. Obstruction Accident - An accident/incident in which a consist strikes: • 2) a highway vehicle at a location other than a highway-rail grade crossing site; Continued to next slide

  38. Monthly Reporting Obligation Item 7, FRA Form F 6180.54, “Type of Accident/Incident” IMPORTANT DEFINITIONS FOR PROPER CLASSIFICATION Page 24, Chapter 2, FRA Guide: 9. Obstruction Accident -An accident/incident in which a consist strikes: • 3) derailed equipment; or Continued to next slide

  39. Monthly Reporting Obligation Item 7, FRA Form F 6180.54, “Type of Accident/Incident” IMPORTANT DEFINITIONS FOR PROPER CLASSIFICATION Page 24, Chapter 2, FRA Guide: 9. Obstruction Accident - An accident/incident in which a consist strikes: • 4) a track motorcar or similar work equipment not equipped with AAR couplers and not operating under train rules.

  40. Monthly Reporting Obligation Item 7, FRA Form F 6180.54, “Type of Accident/Incident” IMPORTANT DEFINITIONS FOR PROPER CLASSIFICATION Page 24, Chapter 2, FRA Guide: 10. Explosion-detonation - An accident/incident caused by the detonation of material carried or transported by rail. A detonation occurs when a shock wave exceeds the speed of sound. Explosions-detonations resulting from mishaps during loading or unloading operations, and those caused by fire aboard on-track equipment, are included in this definition.

  41. Monthly Reporting Obligation Item 7, FRA Form F 6180.54, “Type of Accident/Incident” IMPORTANT DEFINITIONS FOR PROPER CLASSIFICATION Page 24, Chapter 2, FRA Guide: 11. Fire/violent rupture - An accident/incident caused by combustion or violent release of material carried by or transported by rail. Examples of this type include fuel and electrical equipment fires, crankcase explosions, and violent releases of liquefied petroleum gas or anhydrous ammonia.

  42. Monthly Reporting Obligation Item 7, FRA Form F 6180.54, “Type of Accident/Incident” IMPORTANT DEFINITIONS FOR PROPER CLASSIFICATION Page 25, Chapter 2, FRA Guide: 12. Other impacts - An accident/incident, not classified as a collision, that involves contact between on-track equipment. Generally, these involve single cars or cuts of cars that are damaged during switching, train makeup, setting out, etc., operations. If both consists contain a locomotive, an EMU locomotive, or a DMU locomotive, the event should be classified as a collision between trains.

  43. Monthly Reporting Obligation Item 7, FRA Form F 6180.54, “Type of Accident/Incident” IMPORTANT DEFINITIONS FOR PROPER CLASSIFICATION Page 25, Chapter 2, FRA Guide: 13. Other Accidents/Incidents (describe in narrative) - Events not classified as one of the preceding types. QUESTION – Can we think of any good examples of rail accidents that would meet the definition of this “Other Accidents/Incidents” classification?

  44. Monthly Reporting Obligation Item 21, “Type of Track” and 22, “Track Name or Number” FRA Form F 6180.54 FRA accident/incident audits have disclosed widespread noncompliance by railroads with respect to entries made into Item 21, “Track Name/Number”, when the entry into Item 2, “Track of Type” is code 1, “Main”. DOUBLE TALKDOUBLE TALK MAIN 1

  45. Monthly Reporting Obligation Item 25, “Type of Track” and 26, “Track Number or Name” FRA Form F 6180.54 Instructions for entry into Item 21, “Track Name/Number,” on page 119, Chapter 7 of the current FRA Guide indicate: 21. Track Name/Number Enter the name or number used to identify the track on which the accident occurred. If it is a main track of a single-track line, enter “single main track. SINGLE MAIN TRACK 1

  46. Monthly Reporting Obligation Item 20, “Type of Track” and 21, “Track Name/Number” FRA Form F 6180.54 When an accident occurs in “double or multiple main track territory,” the track name or number of the specific track is to be entered into Item 21. For example, if the accident occurred on the “Eastward” main track in Rule 251-254 double track territory, the proper entry into Item 21 would be “Eastward.” For example, if the accident occurred on “Main Track No. 3” in multiple main track territory, the proper entry into Item 21 would be “No. 3”. EASTWARD MAIN 1

  47. Monthly Reporting Obligation Item 38, “Primary Cause” and Item 39, “Contributing Cause” FRA Form F 6180.54 (Full instructions for entry in Item 38, “Primary Cause Code,” on page 125, Chapter 7, FRA Guide.) • 38. Primary Cause Code: Proper entry of the correct primary cause code is of critical importance, not only for the accident being reported, but also for FRA’s analyses conducted for accident prevention purposes. Because of the extensive use made of primary cause code entries, careful attention must be given to making correct entry for all accidents. (Continued to next slide)

  48. Monthly Reporting Obligation Item 38, “Primary Cause” and Item 39, “Contributing Cause” FRA Form F 6180.54 (Full instructions for entry in Item 38, “Primary Cause Code,” on page 125, Chapter 7, FRA Guide.) • 38. Primary Cause Code: From the cause descriptions found in Appendix C, enter the cause code that best describes the primary cause of the accident. All reports by a single railroad for a single accident must use the same cause code. When multiple railroads are reporting the same accident, they should attempt to resolve any differences concerning the cause prior to reporting. When this cannot be accomplished, each railroad will identify what it considers to be the primary cause of the accident.

  49. Monthly Reporting Obligation M505 Item 38, “Primary Cause” and Item 39, “Contributing Cause” (Full instructions for entry in Item 38, “Primary Cause Code,” on page 125, Chapter 7, FRA Guide.) • 38. Primary Cause Code: Caution about using Code M505, “Cause under Active Investigation by Reporting Railroad.” • If the cause of the accident is still under active investigation by the railroad when the report is due, you may enter M505. • Once the railroad has completed its active investigation and determined the probable cause(s), the best available appropriate cause code(s) must be provided to FRA on an amended report for the accident pursuant to 49 CFR 225.13.

  50. Monthly Reporting Obligation M505 Item 38, “Primary Cause” and Item 39, “Contributing Cause” (Full instructions for entry in Item 38, “Primary Cause Code,” on page 125, Chapter 7, FRA Guide.) • 38. Primary Cause Code: Caution about using Code M505, “Cause under Active Investigation by Reporting Railroad.” • The fact that NTSB or any other governmental agency has not released their findings as to probable cause is not a valid reason for railroads to allow cause code M505 to remain assigned to an accident. • The railroad must not wait for either the FRA or the NTSB to publish their findings and their assessment as to cause(s) of the accident to amend Cause Code M505.

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