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Networking for technology acquisition and transfer. 指導教授 張菽萱 老師 學 生 游嘉惠 學 號 94312033. Introduction. 1.A large portion of economic development owes to technology progress and that the role of technology progress is large when a country is not developed.
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Networking for technology acquisition and transfer 指導教授 張菽萱 老師 學 生 游嘉惠 學 號 94312033
Introduction • 1.A large portion of economic development owes to technology progress and that the role of technology progress is large when a country is not developed. • 2.The paper shoes the changes of technology strategies both at the national level and at the corporate level. The important implication is that high-tech is easy to use though it is hard to develop. • 3.The paper discusses merits and demerits of technology acquisition means. • 4.The importance of domestic and regional networking among universities, research institutes and the industry is pointed out.
Technology as the engine of growth • Many studies have shown that more than 50% of long-term economic growth stems from technological changes that improve produstivity and lead to new products, processes or industries. (Kim, 1997 )
Technology as the engine of growth • A labour productivity increase rate is determined by a technology progress rate and the rate of increase of a capital per labour ratio. (Krugman, 1994)
Technology acquisition from overseas • 5.2 Technology acquisition means
Comparison of technology acquisition means • 1. FDI is the easiest way to enter an international market though basic infrastructure and political and macroeconomic stability are needed. • 2.FDI may move to lower labor cost countries. • 3.FDI usually does not invest in deepening technological capacity of local subsidiaries unless local subsidiaries become world centers of some products.
OEMODMOBM • An OEM manufacturer has an incentive to move to ODM and own brand manufacturing (OBM) to increase profit margin and gain management autonomy.
Technology acquisition and technology development • 6.1 Three modes of technology development (1) Introducing technology abroad, (2) Improving existing technology and (3) Developing new technology indigenously by formal R&D or production experience.
Technology acquisition and technology development • 6.1 Three modes of technology development
Networking among industry, universities and public research institutes • 1.There are various ways to facilitate collaboration among the industry, universities and research institutes. In Japan national projects are organized to develop technology mostly between the industry and public research institutes. The Very-Large-scale Integrated Circuit Research is one of successful examples. • These days, Japan makes tremendous efforts to facilitate the collaboration between the industry and universities. The Ministry of Education established “venture business laboratories” to encourage business-oriented research on campus, collaborative research centers to facilitate university-industry research.
Concluding remarks • Any country or firm can make use of networking to enhance its competitiveness.
Concluding remarks • There are two points to make. • One is that this opportunity is open to any country or firm. If a country or a firm does not make use of networking, it will be disadvantageous. • Thus, there are no choices whether a country or firm utilizes networking. The other point is that for some networking national or regional networking is more important than international networking as seen in the case of university- industry collaboration in paper writing. • Thus, national or regional efforts are critical for networking.
