Unit 1

1. Unit 1 Concepts of Human Disease

2. Chapter 1 Introduction to Human Diseases

3. Key Terms Disease Change from normal; symptoms occur with a pathologic state present Homeostasis State of normalcy

4. Key Terms Disorder Abnormality of function Syndrome Symptoms caused by specific disease

5. Key Terms Pathology Study of disease Pathologist One who studies disease

6. Key Terms Pathogens Microorganisms or agents that cause disease Pathologic Caused by disease process Pathogenesis Description of how a particular disease progresses Acute: Short-term with sudden onset Chronic: Long-term or slow healing process

7. Etiology Cause of disease Idiopathic Cause unknown Iatrogenic Problem related to treatment Nosocomial Disease acquired from hospital environment

8. Predisposing Factors Age Sex Environment Lifestyle Heredity

9. Diagnosis Identification or naming of disease Medical history Physical examination Diagnostic tests

10. Diagnosis Symptoms Problems reported by patient Signs What physician sees or measures Skills used by physician: Auscultation Palpation Percussion

11. Prognosis Prognosis Expected outcome Acute Sudden onset with short duration Chronic Insidious and long-lasting

12. Prognosis Remission Disappearance of symptoms Exacerbation Flare-up of symptoms Complication Onset of second disease or disorder

13. Prognosis Mortality Mortal or subject to death Fatal/lethal Deadly

14. Treatment Holistic medicine Consideration of whole person Rather than just physical symptoms Interaction between spiritual, cognitive, social, physical, and emotional areas Areas work interdependently

15. Holistic Medicine

16. Treatment Interventions: Medication Surgery Exercise Nutrition Physical therapy Education

17. Treatment Preventive Care given to prevent disease Palliative Care given to prevent discomfort, but not cure

18. Medical Ethics Complicated by technological advances Difficult as touch core of our humanity Role of ethics committee Economic concerns