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A lesson plan is…. …a teacher's detailed description of the course of instruction for an individual lesson. …it tells what to do, in what order to do it, and what procedure to use in teaching the material of a lesson. Lesson plans answer 3 questions.
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A lesson plan is… • …a teacher's detailed description of the course of instruction for an individual lesson. • …it tells what to do, in what order to do it, and what procedure to use in teaching the material of a lesson.
Lesson plans answer 3 questions.. • Where are my students going (objectives)?How are they going to get there (activities & teaching methods & strategies)?How will I know when they've arrived (assessment)?
Lesson Plan Organization:Begin with the end in mind.. • What do you want the students to learn from this lesson? • What standards are you meeting? • What does the state or your district require? • What age students are you trying to reach? • How are you going to assess that learning? • Once you've determined this, write a quick description and list out your objectives for the assignment.
The 6 Step Lesson Cycle • The lesson cycle is a way of organizing a lesson. • You may read about several “versions” and different interpretations of the lesson cycle. • Today we will examine one lesson cycle model adapted from the work of Madeline Hunter.
6 + 1 Steps of The Lesson Cycle • Focus – motivation/ Anticipatory Set • Objective • Direct Instruction • Guided practice • Independent practice & assessment • Closure + 1 = Required Materials & Equipment
1. Focus/Motivation/Anticipatory Set This is an activity, an item, or event to get the students’ attention and interest and relate the lesson to prior learning or knowledge: • Pictures • Items of interest • Stories • Questions
2. Objectives • Statements of what the students will know or be able to do at the end of the lesson (may take more than 1 day). • Must be clearly defined, measurable and in line with district and/or state educational standards. • Use Bloom’s Taxonomy as a guide to writing objectives.
2. Objectives EXAMPLES: • By the end of the class period the student will state and briefly explain the steps of the “Hunter Lesson Cycle Model.” • The student-intern will apply or use appropriate steps of a Lesson Cycle when making lesson plans for his/her host school.
3. Direct Instruction This section explicitly delineates howyou will present the lesson's concepts to your students. Teachers should use a variety of instructional strategies suited to the class and to individual students & their learning styles and individual needs. . • Lectures – verbal explanations • Demonstrates/models • Uses audio-visual presentation • Hands – on activities • What are some others? • .
3. Direct Instruction During DI, the teacher moves the student from what he/she knows to what the teacher wants him/her to learn (i.e., the lesson objective).
Apply what you have learned…. • Principles of Development • Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs/ Student Basic Needs • Piaget’s Intellectual/Cognitive Developmental Stages • Gardner’s Theory of Multiple Intelligences • Individual Learning Styles • Various teaching methods
3. Direct Instruction GOAL: During D.I. the students are actively engaged .
4. Guided Practice • Students: - practice & apply what they have just learned through activities & class work. • Teacher: - monitors continuously - gives immediate feedback - re-teaches as necessary
5. Independent Practice & Assessment • Matches the objective. • Allows the teacher to assess the individual students’ learning. • Allows student to demonstrate whether or not they absorbed the lesson's learning goals. • Independent Practice = Homework assignments or other independent assignments, • Assessment = tests, quizzes, etc.
6. Closure The Teacher: • Restates the objective • Summarizes/reviews the main point • Retells the importance of the lesson • Relates it to future learning [Could this be done through more questioning and answering?]
+ 1 = Required Materials & Equipment • supplies required to help your students achieve the stated lesson objectives.
Activity: (Guided practice) Make a moving model of the 6 step lesson cycle You are going to make a pinwheel (it goes around in a cycle – just like the lesson plan cycle) with 1 step of the lesson cycle on each blade. This is particularly for the kinesthetic learners like your teacher.
Today you have learned the steps of the lesson cycle These steps are: • Focus – motivation (anticipatory set) • State the Objective • Direct instruction • Guided practice • Independent practice & assessment • Closure + 1 = required materials & equipment
You will use the steps of the lesson cycle as you plan lessons for your classes.
Lesson Planning • An understanding of the lesson cycle, together with your knowledge of developmental information, students’ needs, multiple intelligences, and a sensitivity to learning styles, will help you master student instruction. Later you will learn more about how questioning skills and classroom management techniques, such as time on task, impact lesson planning.
Internet Sites 1.http://www.fac.swt.edu/bond/Block/ZNotesonTeaching 2.http://www.humbolt.edu/-tha 1/hunter-eei 3.http://www.huntington.edu/education/lessonplanning/Hunter 4.http://www.hope.edu/academic/education/w…econdary_Block_Revised/unit4/hunter1 5.http://www.techtools.uncg.edu/techtools/program/5E
