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Marine Plants

Marine Plants. NOAA. Primary Producers. Prokaryotes (photosynthetic & chemosynthetic) Domain Bacteria Domain Archaea Eukaryotes (photosynthetic) Kingdom Protista Unicellular algae (diatoms, dinoflagellates, coccolithophorids) Multicellular algae (green, brown, red) Kingdom Plantae

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Marine Plants

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  1. Marine Plants NOAA

  2. Primary Producers • Prokaryotes (photosynthetic & chemosynthetic) • Domain Bacteria • Domain Archaea • Eukaryotes (photosynthetic) • Kingdom Protista • Unicellular algae (diatoms, dinoflagellates, coccolithophorids) • Multicellular algae (green, brown, red) • Kingdom Plantae • Seagrasses • Salt marsh plants • Mangroves

  3. True Plants • Kingdom Plantae • Angiosperms – flowering plants • Dominant on land, few in the sea • True leaves, stems, roots, vascular system for food/water transport http://atlasveg.ib.usp.br/English/focara.html

  4. Seagrasses • Subtidal shelf • Shallow (need light) • Relatively sheltered, soft-bottom areas (estuaries) • Mostly tropical, subtropical (eelgrass – temperate) NOAA

  5. Seagrasses • Evolved from land plants, reinvaded ocean (totally marine) • Roots, rhizomes stabilize sediment

  6. Seagrasses • Asexual reproduction – rhizomes • Sexual reproduction – flowers, pollen, fruit, seeds http://www.botany.hawaii.edu/seagrass/thal14f.jpg

  7. Turtle Grass Beds NOAA NOAA NOAA http://www.rmc.edu/directory/academics/studyabroad/images/Biol235/Pic%2014.jpg

  8. Eelgrass Beds http://blackcormorant.blogs.com/photos/eelgrass/gtkf_120.jpg http://week.divebums.com/2006/Mar20-2006/lobster-eel-grass_erik-qua.jpg

  9. Long Island Eelgrass Bed Restoration

  10. Long Island Eelgrass Bed Restoration

  11. Salt Marsh Plants • Intertidal, only partly submerged • Relatively sheltered, soft-bottom areas (estuaries) • Are land plants with salt tolerance • Temperate Flax Pond → (north of Stony Brook)

  12. Salt Marsh Plants • NY distribution (yellow) • Also CT coast of LIS, protected bays of NJ shore • aka “tidal wetlands” http://www.dec.ny.gov/images/fish_marine_images/extent.jpg

  13. Salt Marsh Plants high tide low tide http://ct.gov/dep/lib/dep/stateparks/parks/bluffpointmarshcrosssection.jpg

  14. Salt Marsh Plants Salt meadow cordgrass / Salt marsh hay (Spartina patens) Spike grass (Distichlis) Salt marsh cordgrass / Smooth cordgrass (Spartina alterniflora) Stony Brook Univ. Flax Pond Digital Library USDA Plants Database

  15. Salt Marsh Plants Sea lavender (Limonium) Glasswort (Salicornia) Stony Brook Univ. Flax Pond Digital Library USDA Plants Database

  16. Salt Marsh Plants • Grasses stabilize mud, soil with roots, rhizomes • Tussocks (Spartina cordgrass with ribbed mussels) Stony Brook Univ. Flax Pond Digital Library

  17. Salt Marsh Plants • Protect coastline, prevent erosion • Filter nutrients, pollutants from runoff • Very productive, provide food and homes for many organisms http://news.lternet.edu/sites/news.lternet.edu/files/imagecache/full_image/images/node451img428.jpg

  18. Mangroves • Intertidal, only partly submerged • Relatively sheltered, soft-bottom areas (estuaries) • Are land plants with salt tolerance • Tropical

  19. Mangroves • Roots (underground and aerial), pneumatophores stabilize sediment http://www.botany.hawaii.edu/faculty/webb/BOT311/BOT311-00/Roots/Mangroves/RedMangrovePhoto.jpg

  20. Mangroves • Underwater habitat http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_AiiYtVE9Gvw/TOAf6KPBDjI/AAAAAAAAACE/ZitvTNzpQ24/s1600/Firesponge.jpg http://fl.biology.usgs.gov/ Kate Fuller (Marine Photobank) / UNEP (http://www.grida.no/photolib/detail/young-red-mangrove-tree-in-the-benner-bay-mangrove-marine-sanctuary-virgin-islands_5c52)

  21. Mangroves • Underwater habitat http://fl.biology.usgs.gov/

  22. Mangroves • Seeds are “propagules” http://www.seabean.com/guide/Rhizophora_mangle/index.htm http://www.mangrovemania.com/images/art1-grow.jpg

  23. Salt Marsh vs. Mangrove

  24. Algae and Plant Summary

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