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Kepler’s Laws

Kepler’s Laws. The Man The Myth The Legend. 1. Tycho Brahe. Collected vast amounts of astronomical data (positions of different bodies at certain times) ‏. 2. Kepler (1571-1630). Used Tycho Brahe's precise data on apparent planet motion s and relative distances .

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Kepler’s Laws

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  1. Kepler’s Laws The Man The Myth The Legend

  2. 1. TychoBrahe • Collected vast amounts of astronomical data (positions of different bodies at certain times)‏

  3. 2. Kepler (1571-1630) • Used Tycho Brahe's precise data on apparent planet motions and relative distances. • Deduced three laws of planetary motion. • Took him the last 30 years of his life.

  4. 3. Kepler’sFirst Law • The orbits of the planets are elliptical (not circular) with the Sun at one focus of the ellipse. • An Ellipse is an oval shaped geometric figure whose shape is determined by two points within the figure. The Sun is one foci, the other is empty.

  5. 4. Eccentricity of Planets • Eccentricity is the amount an ellipse deviates from a perfect circle. • Because an ellipse is not a perfect circle, and a planet’s orbit is an ellipse, the planet’s distance from the sun varies. • Perihelion – closest point to the focus • Aphelion– farthest point from the focus.

  6. 5. Kepler's Second Law A. A line connecting the Sun and a planet sweeps out equal areas in equal times. slower faster b. Translation: planets move faster when closer to the Sun.

  7. 6. Kepler’s Third Law • The square of a planet's orbital period (p) is proportional to the cube of its semi-major axis (a). • P2 is proportional to A3 • Where P is in Earth years • A is in Astronomical Units (AU) • AU = Astronomical Unit. • 1 AU = 1.5 x 108 km, the distance from the sun to the Earth. • Translation: the further a planet is from the sun, the longer the period.

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