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Attitudes

Psychology of Sport. Attitudes. Berbatov has recently been accused of having a poor attitude. Attitude A mode of behaviour that is often thought to be a typical reaction of an individual is termed an attitude.

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Attitudes

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  1. Psychology of Sport Attitudes Berbatov has recently been accused of having a poor attitude

  2. Attitude A mode of behaviour that is often thought to be a typical reaction of an individual is termed an attitude. Attitude is linked with personality and is frequently used to explain a pattern of behaviour or a response in a given situation. Reading FC have gained a reputation for having a good attitude even when losing.

  3. Attitudes are an enduring emotional and behavioural response, and although it can be established firmly, an attitude is unstable and can be controlled. Attitudes are directed towards ‘attitude objects’ Attitude Objects This is usually a place, situation or behaviour of other people. For example. Someone may have a poor attitude towards training Someone else may dislike playing at a particular stadium

  4. Other people may dislike players who dive These influence the way individuals perceive and behave in sports situations. For example. If you are playing at a stadium that you have a negative attitude towards against a team you dislike your performance may well be affected.

  5. Formation of Attitudes Attitudes are formed mainly through experience. - A pleasant experience will usually lead to a positive attitude. - An unpleasant experience like failure, criticism or injury would bring about a negative attitude. Think of some examples of sporting situations where you have acquired a positive or negative attitude due to past experiences. Until last season Tottenham had not beaten Chelsea in the league for 16 years. This can partly be accounted to players having a negative attitude to playing Chelsea based on past experience.

  6. Other things shape our attitudes. • Parents in early childhood • Peer groups • Role models The whole process of interaction between individuals and groups of people is called ‘socialisation’ Attitudes can bring about false perceptions which influence our judgement and bring about behaviour that is inconsistent and predjudiced For example ……

  7. After this incident, many people gained a prejudiced attitude that Cantona was a violent player who was unable to control his temper. However, this attitude was formed without any consideration of what was said to Cantona and what his attitudes were towards this situation, venue and the behaviour of people around him.

  8. The Components of Attitude the triadic model of attitudes An attitude comprises of 3 components: The cognitive component Also known as the information component and reflects beliefs and knowledge. For example, you believe that fitness training 3 times a week enhances the quality of life and you have the knowledge to support this opinion. The affective component Also know as the emotional component. It consists of feelings of an emotional response towards an attitude or object. For example, training is enjoyable and I feel good when participating. The behavioural component This concerns how a person intends to behave towards an attitude object. For example, joining a fitness club to follow an organised fitness programme.

  9. Changing Attitudes • Cognitive Dissonance Theory (Festinger) • Festinger said that if a person holds two ideas that conflict with each other an element of discomfort or dissonance occurs. • For example: • A player wishes to perform to a high standard, but does not want to dedicate more time to sport. • The coach wishes to pursue a youth policy, but is worried that in doing so the team could lose many games in the short term (Tottenham is a perfect example of this) Martin Jol. RIP

  10. To reduce dissonance, one of the conflicting ideas muss be lessened. For example: • The player rejects the opportunity to perform at a higher standard and therefore does not need to increase dedication. • The coach accepts that losses will be incurred if a youth policy is pursued.

  11. Persuasive Communication Theory • The persuader • This person needs to be one who is perceived to be significant and to have high status. For example the climbing instructor 2. The message This needs to be presented in a way that makes the recipient want to change an attitude. For example, this rock face can be climbed and the instructor will hold the rope. 3.The recipients The attitude is more easily changed if the recipient really wishes to be changed. For example, the student understands the task. 4. The situation Attitudes are easier to change if there are other persuaders present. For example, other students have already climbed the rock face and are actively encouraging the reluctant student.

  12. Attitudes in general are poor predictors of behaviour. A person may have a positive outlook on something like training. However, this does not guarantee they will attend training sessions regularly. But…………….. According to Fishbein, if someone has a positive attitude towards a particular type of training (for example fitness training) they are more likely to attend fitness training sessions and behaviour is easier to predict.

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