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German Unification

German Unification. This was the most important political development in Europe between 1848 & 1914. I. How were Italian & German unification movements similar?. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. II. William I. Firmly against

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German Unification

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  1. German Unification This was the most important political development in Europe between 1848 & 1914.

  2. I. How were Italian & German unification movements similar? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

  3. II. William I • Firmly against • But, when revolution broke out in Prussia in 1848, he ___________________________ then later he ________________________ • Est. a liberal gov with a national assembly, but • Army reoccupies Berlin and he dissolves

  4. III. Prussia • Capital? • 18th c. • 19th c. Bismarck & “lesser Germany” • Deutsches (“German”) Reich in 1867 = 22 states of______________________ • The above was the building block • 1871 constitution gave huge powers to

  5. IV. Otto von Bismarck 1. 2. • Promoted • Most significant achievement? • Unification Plan a) b) c)

  6. Otto Von Bismarck Kaiser Wilhelm I

  7. V. Danish War • “Kleindeutsch” • Schleswig & Holstein

  8. VI. Austro-Prussian War (7-Weeks War) • Dispute over • Bismarck • Conflict • Naturally, Prussia • Keep in mind, Bismarck

  9. VII. War’s End • Austria cedes _______ to ______. Why? • Why is Germany lenient on Austria? • Prussia led this newly formed

  10. VIII. Results of Austro-Prussian War • Germ. Confed replaced by • Paved way for • Austria reorganized as • Austria forbidden to ally with 3 southern German states, Bavaria, Baden, Wurttemburg

  11. Hanover, Hesse, Nassau and city of Frankfurt • Austria agreed to • Legislature = a) Bundesrat b) Reichstag

  12. Constitution of the Confederation • Why did a broad franchise NOT bother Bismarck? • How did Bismarck crush Prussian liberals?

  13. IX. Franco-Prussian War • Bismarck now wanted • Religious differences b/t North & South? • Opportunity knocks!!!

  14. X. Ems Telegram • Isabella of Spain • Spain considers replacing her with Prince Leopold, • Leopold accepts • France strongly objects and issues

  15. Nap III requires • Fr. Ambassador • Ems Dispatch • French • Nap III

  16. So. German states • Treaty of Frankfurt • Alsace-Lorraine

  17. Bismarck was opposed to this transfer of territory believing it would only provoke animosity toward the new German state. • Nationalistic perspective = most people in territory spoke German. • Iron resources!! • Militarily – shift away from Rhine helped Germany.

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