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Protein

Protein. “The Building Blocks of Life”. 1. Protein has multiple functions. First Use : Build and repair body tissue Maintain cell growth Formation of Enzymes and hormones Insulin and thyroid hormone Fluid Balance Antibodies. Protein also provides energy.

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Protein

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  1. Protein “The Building Blocks of Life”

  2. 1. Protein has multiple functions • First Use: Build and repair body tissue • Maintain cell growth • Formation of Enzymes and hormones • Insulin and thyroid hormone • Fluid Balance • Antibodies

  3. Protein also provides energy • There are 4 calories per gram of protein. • Can take the place of some fat and carbohydrate if they do not supply enough energy. • Prevents protein from being used for their other functions • Fat and carbohydrate cannot take the place of protein.

  4. Minerals in meat (protein) group • Ironmeat, eggs, seafood, seeds, nuts, whole grains, dark green leafy vegetables • carries oxygen to all body cells • Chromium seafood, meats, eggs, nuts, seeds, peanuts, whole grains, bran, wheat germ • helps regulate blood sugar levels (helps prevent and treat diabetes) • Copper whole grains, liver & organ meats, legumes, wheat germ & bran • helps body assimilate iron and form healthy bones • Phosphorusmeat, fish, poultry, nuts,bread & cereal, eggs • helps in production of energy and activator of B vitamin complex • Potassiumwhole grains, fruits,vegetables, nuts, seeds, meat, fish • works with sodium to normalize flow of body fluids • Manganesewhole grains, nuts, seeds, legumes, • blood sugar regulation, health of tendons and bones • Seleniumseafood, meat, liver, nuts, seeds, legumes, wheat germ, bran • fights free radicals (destructive cells that may be precursors to cancer) • Sulfureggs,garlic, onions • present in all body tissues. Needed for skin, joints, hair • Zincwhole grains, meat, fish, dairy, eggs, nuts, seeds, • blood sugar, brain, blood, kidneys, nerves, bones, hair, skin, nails, appetite, sense of smell and taste, reproductive organs

  5. Fat soluble vitamins • Dsunshine, fortified milk, fish and fish oil, egg yolk • needed for strong teeth and bones, helps body use calcium and phosphorus

  6. Water soluble vitamins • B 1 Thiaminwhole grain or enriched bread and cereals, yeast, liver, pork, fish, lean meats, poultry, milk • needed to help convert food to energy by promoting proper use of sugars • B 2 Riboflavinmilk, whole-grain breads and cereals, liver, lean meats, eggs, leafy green vegetables • needed to help body use carbohydrates, proteins, fats—particularly to release energy to cells Folic Acidleafy green vegetables, liver • Needed for formation of body proteins and genetic materials for the cell nucleus. Also helps in the use of substances that contain carbon. • deficiency during pregnancy leads to increase risk of neural groove defects

  7. MORE Water soluble vitamins • Niacineggs, meats, liver, whole-grain breads and cereal • Needed for energy-producing reactions in cells present in all body tissues • B 6 lean meats, leafy green vegetables, whole-grain cereals • Needed for formation of red blood cells, certain proteins, and use of fats during metabolism • B 12liver, kidneys, fish, milk, animal foods in general • Needed to build vital genetic substances for cell nucleus and helps in formation of red blood cells. Also helps functioning of nervous system • Pantothenic Acidliver, kidneys, whole-grain breads and cereal, nuts, eggs, dark green vegetables, green beans • Needed for metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, fats, and formation of hormones and nerve regulating substance • Biotinegg yolk, liver, kidneys, dark green vegetables, green beans • Needed for formation of fatty acids and release of energy from carbohydrates

  8. Sources of protein ANIMAL SOURCES PLANT SOURCES Dry beans and peas Nuts Vegetables Grain Products • Milk • Eggs = 6 g of protein • Fish • Poultry • Red Meat Low fat preparations

  9. Must be supplied daily • Both fat and carbohydrates are stored in the body, but protein is not stored. • Consume enough to supply protein needs. • Needed especially at breakfast to replenish proteins used for growth and maintenance during the night.

  10. Protein needs influenced by • Age • Body Size • Quality of the proteins • Physical state of the person • FGP - Most people need 3-6 ounces per day or 2-3 “servings” • 3 oz = 1 deck of cards

  11. Health experts suggest that we get 10-15 percent of our total calories from protein.

  12. % of calorie formula • Caloric need x % of nutrient recommended = daily caloric need • 2,000 calories x 10% (.10) protein = 200 calories from protein • 2,000 calories x 30% (.30) protein = 600 calories from protein • Divide daily caloric need by / calories per gram • 200 daily calories / 4 calories per gram = 50 grams protein • 600 daily calories / 4 calories per gram = 150 grams protein • A 2,000 calorie Protein range for the day is between 200 - 600 calories and 50 – 150 grams

  13. RECOMMENDED CALORIE AMOUNT NOW FIGURE OUT YOURS

  14. Excess Protein • People can get too much protein in their bodies. • Excess amounts of protein are broken down and stored by the body as fat. • Healthy people don’t need protein supplements. They get enough from choosing a variety of foods.

  15. Amino Acids • Building Blocks from which new proteins are made. • There are 22 different ones, but 9 are essential for good health. • Essential means that we must get it in our diet because our bodies cannot make it.

  16. Complete Protein • Support growth and maintenance of body tissue. • Any food that has all 9 essential amino acids.

  17. Complete protein plant sources ANIMAL SOURCES PLANT SOURCES The most complete plant protein is Soybean (tofu). Germ of grains All animal proteins are classified as complete proteins.

  18. Incomplete Proteins • Any food that is missing any of the 9 essential amino acids. • These come from plants. • Beans, Nuts, grains, legumes, & peanut butter

  19. Make a Complete Protein • Combine plant proteins with other plant proteins. (complementary proteins) • Combine incomplete (plants) proteins with complete (animals) proteins.

  20. Complete Proteins • Peanut butter on whole wheat bread • Chicken and Rice • Vegetable & meat stir-fry • Macaroni and Cheese • Tuna Noodle Casserole • Navajo Taco’s

  21. Insufficient Protein • Stunt growth • Lack of energy, tired • Lower one’s resistance to disease • Weight loss • Damage liver • Death • Not common in U.S.

  22. Assignment #5 • Ho much protein is in food items that you might eat?

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