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Population Around the World

Population Around the World. What is population distribution?. “ Population distributions are descriptions of locations on the Earth’s surface where individuals or groups live.”. What factors influence Population Distribution?. Environmental factors -

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Population Around the World

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  1. Population Around the World

  2. What is population distribution?

  3. “Population distributions are descriptions of locations on the Earth’s surface where individuals or groups live.”

  4. What factors influence Population Distribution? • Environmental factors- • What type of natural resources are in the area? Does it have oil, or arable land or access to water? • What is the climate like? • Does it have capital resources such as transportation and technology?

  5. Economic factors- • What is the economic development like? • What are the resources like? • Political factors- • What is the government policy? • Are there many conflicts? • Is it a rural/urban area?

  6. Two-thirds of the World’s Population is concentrated in four specific areas.

  7. East Asia

  8. South Asia

  9. Southeast Asia

  10. Europe

  11. POPULATION DISTRIBUTION • Almost 90% of the world’s population lives in the Northern Hemisphere • About 66% live between 20°N & 60°N latitude because of the suitable climate and vegetation

  12. How do you measure population?

  13. “Population Density is the number of people occupying an area of land.”

  14. POPULATION • Until 2003 more than 50% of the world’s population lived in rural areas, but by May 2007 that number changed • United Nations estimates predict the world will be 53% urban by 2015; 60% urban by 2030 • U.S. is about 82% urban (Changed in late 1910’s)

  15. POPULATION DENSITY • US population density, according to 2011 census estimates, was 88 people per square mile • Alaska was lowest with 1.3 people per square mile • New Jersey was largest with 1189 people per square mile

  16. POPULATION DENSITY • Asia is the continent with the greatest population density (203/sq.mile); North America 32; Australia 6.4 • World population density is 115 people per sq. mile

  17. What are the characteristics of human populations? • Birth and Death rates- • How many people per 1000 are born or die in a year? • Age Distribution-- • How many people are in each age category?

  18. Male/Female distribution-- • Are there more males or more females? Why? • Life Expectancy-- • How old can you expect to live? • Infant Mortality-- • How many children die before their first birthday?

  19. Urban /Rural-- • Where do most people live? In the city/country? • GDP-- • Is the country’s GDP high or low? • Ethnicity-- • Does the population have one dominate ethnicity or many and do they get along?

  20. Language-- Do the people speak one language or do they have multiple languages? • Religion-- Do the people share the same religion or do they have multiple ones? • Education-- Are the people highly educated? Can they read & write

  21. What factors influence population growth rates? • Does the country have modern medicine and hygiene practices? • What is the level of the average education? • Is the country industrialized and do the people live in urban areas?

  22. What is the level of economic development? Does the country have a primary, secondary, or tertiary economy? • What is the government’s policy toward growth? Are there any restrictions? • What role do women play in the society?

  23. How do you measure population change?

  24. “You can measure population change through the Birth Rate, the Death Rate, the Fertility Rate, Infant Mortality rate and Life Expectancy.”

  25. The Birth Rate is the total number of live births a year for every 1,000 people alive in the society.

  26. The Death Rate is the total number of deathsa year for every 1,000 people alive in the society.

  27. BIRTH AND DEATH RATES • World average birthrate is 19.2 per thousand • Highest birthrate is in Niger with about 48 per thousand • Lowest birthrate is in Monaco with 6.85 per thousand

  28. The Fertility Rate is the average number of children a woman will have during her childbearing years.

  29. FERTILITY RATES • A fertility rate of 2.1 is necessary just to replace the current population • Worldwide average fertility rate is about 2.56

  30. The Infant Mortality Rate is the annual number of deaths of infants under 1 year compared with total live births.

  31. Life Expectancy measures the average number of years a newborn can expect to live at current morbidity levels.

  32. POPULATION • By 1999 the world’s population hit 6 Billion people (1 billion inearly 1800’s) • World hit 7 Billion in October 2011 • World population is increasing at a rapid rate • As the world industrialized, more & better food and improved sanitation methods caused population to soar

  33. POPULATION • Geographers use a Population Pyramid to examine how events in society (wars, epidemics, famines) affect the population of a country or region

  34. What is a population pyramid?

  35. “A population pyramid is a graphical illustration that shows the distribution of various age groups as well as the sex ratio, the number of males per hundred females and the dependency ratio, the number of people who are too old or too young to work.

  36. What is a population pyramid? Vertical Axis - Age Groups Elderly dependents Working population Young dependents Horizontal Axis – Percentage / number

  37. How to read a population pyramid? • Read the title e.g. country or city or racial group • Comment on general shape of the pyramid • Note the proportion of people in various age groups • Note the sex ratio • Interpret the data

  38. Types of Population Pyramid 1. Triangular-shaped 2. Beehive-shaped Pyramid 3. Rectangular-shaped Pyramid Shape of pyramids is controlled by • births, • deaths, & • migrations.

  39. Triangular-shaped Pyramid(Broad-based Pyramid)

  40. Broad-based Pyramid Title: India, 2000 Shape: Broad Base - high birth rates Narrow Top - small elderly pop - high death rate Proportion: - Large proportion of young - high young dependency ratio Sex Ratio: Balance pyramid - Balance sex ratio

  41. Indonesia 2000 Malaysia 2000

  42. Beehive-shaped Pyramid

  43. Beehive-shaped Pyramid Title: Singapore, 2000 Shape: Rocket-shaped / Narrow Base – Low Birth Rates, Slow pop growth Proportion: Large proportion of working population, 15-59 yr old - large group of economically active pop Sex Ratio: Balanced pyramid

  44. Hong Kong 2000 Taiwan 2000

  45. Rectangular-shaped Pyramid

  46. Rectangular Pyramid Title: Netherlands, 2000 Shape: Rectangular-shaped - Zero Pop Growth Narrow Base - Low Birth Rates - Life-expectancy is high e.g. 80+ - Low death rates Proportion: Bars of equal length - Balance Proportion Sex Ratio: Balance pyramid - Balance Sex Ratio

  47. UK 2000 Netherlands 2000

  48. Population Pyramids in Transition

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