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The Sacraments of Healing

The Sacraments of Healing. OLM Liturgy and Sacraments Fr. Llane Briese. The Sacrament of: Confession Penance Reconciliation Forgiveness Conversion. 5 Names for 1 Sacrament. Mercy and Forgiveness in the Bible. Section One. The Story of Hosea

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The Sacraments of Healing

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  1. The Sacraments of Healing OLM Liturgy and Sacraments Fr. Llane Briese

  2. The Sacrament of: • Confession • Penance • Reconciliation • Forgiveness • Conversion 5 Names for 1 Sacrament

  3. Mercy and Forgiveness in the Bible Section One

  4. The Story of Hosea • The Proclamation of the Kingdom (Mark 1:14-15) • The Power of the Apostles (John 20:19-23) • The Ministry of Reconciliation (2 Corinthians 5:11–6:2) • Life Free from Sin (Romans 6:12-23) • The Confession of Sins (James 5:16-20) • Types of Sin (1 John 5:16-21) Various Texts

  5. The Development of the Sacrament of Penance Section Two

  6. In the early Church, Baptism was the Sacrament par excellence of repentance. A number of groups held that serious sin committed after Baptism was unforgiveable, basing their teaching (at least in part) on Hebrews 6. • Eventually, the Church recognized that Christ always desires to pardon even the most serious of sinners. • The Main Three Sins: Adultery, Murder, and Apostasy (lapsi). • Required years of public penance (fasting and standing outside the Church in sackcloth and ashes) before absolution would be granted by the bishop on Holy Thursday. Penance in the Early Church

  7. “The immense mercy of God comes down for human lapses not only through the grace of Baptism, but also the hope of eternal life is repaired through the medicine of Penance: thus the protection of divine goodness is ordered that the indulgence of God not be obtained except through the supplication of priests.” (Sollicitudinisquidemtuae, 11 June 452, translation mine). Pope St. Leo the Great (441- 461)

  8. 6th century: Confessions become private (Irish monks). • 12th century: Lateran IV requires Catholics to receive Holy Communion annually and requires them to confess their sins to their parish priest beforehand (or obtain permission to confess to another priest). • Council of Trent (Session XIV: November 25, 1551): Defines dogmatically that Penance is a Sacrament and specifies the requirements. Changes during the Middle Ages

  9. Form: The Prayer of Absolution (“I absolve you…”) by a priest with faculties to absolve. • Quasi-Matter: The Acts of the Penitent: Contrition (sorrow for sin and firm purpose of amendment), Confession of at least all mortal sins (and the number of times the sins were committed), and Satisfaction (the penance). • Effect ex opereoperato: Reconciliation with God • Effects ex opereoperantis: Peace and Serenity of Conscience • Perfect vs. Imperfect Contrition Requirements for the Sacrament of Penance

  10. The Liturgical Practice of Penance Section Three

  11. Examination of Conscience • Welcoming the Penitent • (Reading of Sacred Scripture) • Confession of Sins • Counsel and Penance • Act of Contrition • Prayer of Absolution • “Give thanks to the Lord for he is good. For his mercy endures forever.” • Dismissal Rite of Penance: Form One

  12. Healing and Suffering in the Bible Section Four

  13. Say to the fearful of heart: Be strong, do not fear! Here is your God, he comes with vindication; With divine recompense he comes to save you. 5Then the eyes of the blind shall see, and the ears of the deaf be opened; 6Then the lame shall leap like a stag, and the mute tongue sing for joy. For waters will burst forth in the wilderness, and streams in the Arabah. Isaiah 35:4-6

  14. John [the Baptist] summoned two of his disciples 19 and sent them to the Lord to ask, "Are you the one who is to come, or should we look for another?" 20 When the men came to him, they said, "John the Baptist has sent us to you to ask, 'Are you the one who is to come, or should we look for another?'" 21 At that time he cured many of their diseases, sufferings, and evil spirits; he also granted sight to many who were blind. 22 And he said to them in reply, "Go and tell John what you have seen and heard: the blind regain their sight, the lame walk, lepers are cleansed, the deaf hear, the dead are raised, the poor have the good news proclaimed to them. 23 And blessed is the one who takes no offense at me." Luke 7:18b-23

  15. Is anyone among you sick? He should summon the presbyters of the church, and they should pray over him and anoint [him] with oil in the name of the Lord, 15 and the prayer of faith will save the sick person, and the Lord will raise him up. If he has committed any sins, he will be forgiven. James 5:14-15

  16. The Liturgical Practice of Anointing of the Sick Section Five

  17. 73. "Extreme unction," which may also and more fittingly be called "anointing of the sick," is not a sacrament for those only who are at the point of death. Hence, as soon as any one of the faithful begins to be in danger of death from sickness or old age, the fitting time for him to receive this sacrament has certainly already arrived. • 74. In addition to the separate rites for anointing of the sick and for viaticum, a continuous rite shall be prepared according to which the sick man is anointed after he has made his confession and before he receives viaticum. Vatican II on Anointing of the Sick

  18. 99. The priest should ensure that the abuse of delaying the reception of the sacrament dies not occur, and that the celebration takes place while the sick person is capable of active participation. However, the intent of the conciliar reform that those needing the sacrament should seek it at the beginning of a serious illness should not be used to anoint those who are not proper subjects for the sacrament. Pastoral Care of the Sick

  19. Can.  1004 • §1. The anointing of the sick can be administered to a member of the faithful who, having reached the use of reason, begins to be in danger due to sickness or old age. • §2. This sacrament can be repeated if the sick person, having recovered, again becomes gravely ill or if the condition becomes more grave during the same illness. • Can.  1005 This sacrament is to be administered in a case of doubt whether the sick person has attained the use of reason, is dangerously ill, or is dead. • Can.  1006 This sacrament is to be conferred on the sick who at least implicitly requested it when they were in control of their faculties. • Can.  1007 The anointing of the sick is not to be conferred upon those who persevere obstinately in manifest grave sin. From the Code of Canon Law

  20. The Prayer of Faith: Referenced in James 5:14-15, consists of a litany praying for the sick person. • The Laying on of Hands: The priest lays his hands on the head of the sick person in silence. • The Anointing: After a brief thanksgiving or blessing of the oil, the priest confers the Sacrament: • Essential Matter: The anointing with oil (normally on the forehead and hands) • Essential Form: “Through this holy anointing may the Lord in his love and mercy help you with the grace of the Holy Spirit.” “May the Lord who frees you from sin save you and raise you up.” The Rite of Anointing

  21. The “Last Rites” Section Six

  22. PCS 175: “The sacrament of the anointing of the sick should be celebrated at the beginning of a serious illness. Viaticum, celebrated when death is close, will then be better understood as the last sacrament of Christian life.” • 4 Main Unique Parts to the Celebration of Viaticum: • Renewal of Baptismal Profession of Faith:Renews immediately before death the Sacrament which connects us to Christ’s resurrection. • Apostolic Pardon:A special indulgence granted to those near death. • Viaticum: Receiving the Eucharist in preparation to see Jesus face to face: “Whoever eats my flesh and drinks my blood has eternal life, and I will raise him up on the last day.” (John 6:54) • Sign of Peace: “The minister and all present embrace the dying Christian. […] [T]he sense of leave-taking need not be concealed or denied, but the joy of Christian hope, which is the comfort and strength of the one near death, should be evident.” Preparation for Death

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