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Chapter 14 Section 4: Pushing Back the Axis

Chapter 14 Section 4: Pushing Back the Axis. Warm-Up. How did the American people sacrifice during World War II? Are all Americans treated equally during this time? . Map. 14.4- Striking Germany and Italy. 1943- Casablanca, Morocco: Churchill and FDR meet Step up bombing of Germany

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Chapter 14 Section 4: Pushing Back the Axis

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  1. Chapter 14Section 4: Pushing Back the Axis

  2. Warm-Up • How did the American people sacrifice during World War II? Are all Americans treated equally during this time?

  3. Map

  4. 14.4- Striking Germany and Italy • 1943- Casablanca, Morocco: Churchill and FDR meet • Step up bombing of Germany • Why continue bombing? • Goal: Destroy German military and morale • Result somewhat of a success • Severe oil shortage • Destroyed railroads and aircraft factories

  5. 14.4- Striking Germany and Italy • US and Britain also decided to attack Sicily(1943) • Churchill called Italy the “Soft underbelly” of Europe • Convinced that Italians would quit the war if the Allies invaded • Attack on Sicily creates a crisis in Italy • King of Italy lost confidence in Mussolini • Mussolini gets arrested

  6. Allies Land in Anzio • Germany took control of northern Italy • Germany returns Mussolini to power • America lands behind German lines • 1st invasion on European soil • Prelude to D-Day • Italian campaign was one of the bloodies in the war • 300,000 Allied casualties • Largest amphibious (water to land)

  7. Saving Private Ryan- First 20 minutes

  8. Warm Up 3-20 • Saving Private Ryan-Discuss • Why was it important that the U.S. and Great Britainsuccessfully beat Germany in Africa? • What was the Casablanca Conference? • How are the bombings in Germany similar to the Doolittle Raid in Tokyo? • Why were amphibious landings difficult?

  9. Tehran Conference: Tehran, Iran 1943Who are these guys? What do you think they want?

  10. The Tehran Conference • Stalin, Churchill, and FDR meet in Tehran, Iran 1943 • Dealing with Stalin is difficult communism • “The enemy of my enemy is my friend” • Stalin wants a full out two front war in Europe and Russia • Stalin promised to launch a full scale offensive against the Germans when Allies invade France • Once Germany was defeated Soviets would help US defeat Japan

  11. Landing In France • Operation Overlord (D-Day)- Codename for the invasion • Roosevelt selected General Eisenhower (Why) • Hitler fortified the coast along the English Channel • The Germans believed the Allies would land in Pas-de-Calais • Area of France closest to Britain

  12. Planning Operation Overlord (D-Day) • Creates a two front war – The invasion of Europe from the allies will lead to the downfall of Nazi Germany • Also known as D-Day • Allies preparation of invasion 1944 • 1.5 million American soldiers • 12,000 airplanes • 5 million tons of equipment

  13. Key Requirements for Operation Overlord (D-DAY) • #1)The invasion had to begin at night- to hide the ships • #2)Arrive at a low tide- could see the beach obstacles • #3) Weather needed to be good • Think about storms– high waves • June 6th 1944 – Eisenhower gives the OK

  14. The Longest Day: D-day • 23,000 paratroopers- behind enemy lines • Utah Beach went smoothly– everything’s OK • German forces were weak • Omaha Beach was a struggle for allied forces • 2,500 Americans were killed or wounded • 35,000 troops had landed at Omaha • 23,000 troops had landed at Utah • Largest amphibious operation in history had SUCCEEDED

  15. Map

  16. SWITCH TO THE PACIFICMap: The Pacific

  17. The Pacific- Driving Japan Back • The Pacific Fleet– Commanded by Admiral Nimitz • “Island Hopping” from one island to the next • Why is it so bloody? • Creep closer and closer to Japan • General MacArthur- would advance from the South Philippines • Creates another two front war • MAP- PAGE 513

  18. Map

  19. Island-Hopping in the Pacific • Tarawa (1943) • Problem: coral reef troops have to wade in the beach very dangerous • 1 in 3 Marines made it to shore • Took island but suffered high casualties • Marshall Islands (Feb. 1944) • Went Smoothly • Mariana Islands • Use as a base for new heavy bomber • B-29s could bomb Japan • Captured by August 1944

  20. MacArthur Returns • Campaign began by invading Guadalcanal • Move Toward the Philippines • Troops began to land on Leyte Gulf in Philippines • Largest naval battle in history

  21. MacArthur Returns • Japan uses kamikazes • Fly the plan into the ship • Why? • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ypLuXx6SKgU • Philippines recaptured after five months • 80,000 Japanese were killed

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