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PERSONALITY

UNIT 10. PERSONALITY. UNIT OVERVIEW. The Psychoanalytic Perspective The Humanistic Perspective The Trait Perspective The Social-Cognitive Perspective Exploring the Self. INTRODUCTION. Personality. PSYCHOANALYTIC PERSPECTIVE. EXPLORING THE UNCONSCIOUS.

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PERSONALITY

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  1. UNIT 10 PERSONALITY

  2. UNIT OVERVIEW • The Psychoanalytic Perspective • The Humanistic Perspective • The Trait Perspective • The Social-Cognitive Perspective • Exploring the Self

  3. INTRODUCTION • Personality

  4. PSYCHOANALYTIC PERSPECTIVE

  5. EXPLORING THE UNCONSCIOUS • Parts of the mind • Conscious • Preconscious • Unconscious • Free association • Psychoanalysis • Repression

  6. EXPLORING THE UNCONSCIOUS:PERSONALITY STRUCTURE • Personality structure • Id • Pleasure principle • Ego • Reality principle • Superego • conscience

  7. EXPLORING THE UNCONSCIOUS:PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT • Psychosexual stages • Oral • Anal • Phallic • Latency • Genital

  8. EXPLORING THE UNCONSCIOUSPSYCHOSEXUAL STAGES

  9. EXPLORING THE UNCONSCIOUSPSYCHOSEXUAL STAGES

  10. EXPLORING THE UNCONSCIOUSPSYCHOSEXUAL STAGES

  11. EXPLORING THE UNCONSCIOUSPSYCHOSEXUAL STAGES

  12. EXPLORING THE UNCONSCIOUSPSYCHOSEXUAL STAGES

  13. EXPLORING THE UNCONSCIOUSPSYCHOSEXUAL STAGES

  14. EXPLORING THE UNCONSCIOUS:PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT • Erogenous zones • Oedipus complex • Electra complex • Identification • Fixation

  15. EXPLORING THE UNCONSCIOUS: DEFENSE MECHANISMS • Defense mechanisms • Repression • Regression • Reaction formation • Projection • Rationalization • Displacement • Sublimation • Denial

  16. THE NEO-FREUDIAN THEORISTS • Neo-Freudians • Adler’s inferiority complex • Horney’s sense of helplessness • Jung’s collective unconscious • Psychodynamic theory

  17. ASSESSING UNCONSCIOUS PROCESSES • Projective Test • Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) • Rorschach Inkblot Test

  18. EVALUATING THE PSYCHOANALYTIC PERSPECTIVE • Contradictory Evidence • Is repression a myth? • The modern unconscious mind • Terror management theory • Freud’s ideas as scientific theory

  19. THE HUMANISTIC PERSPECTIVE

  20. ABRAHAM MASLOW’S SELF-ACTUALIZING PERSON • Abraham Maslow • Self-actualization • Self-transcendence • Peak experiences

  21. CARL ROGER’S PERSON-CENTERED PERSPECTIVE • Carl Rogers • Growth promoting climate • Genuineness • Acceptance • Empathy • Unconditional positive regard • Self-concept

  22. ASSESSING THE SELF • Self-report tests • Ideal versus actual self

  23. EVALUATING THE HUMANISTIC PERSPECTIVE • Renewed interest in self-concept • Criticisms • Vague and subjective • Individualistic and Western biased • Naïve

  24. THE TRAIT PERSPECTIVE

  25. TRAITS • Trait • Describing rather than explaining • Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)

  26. EXPLORING TRAITS:FACTOR ANALYSIS • Factor analysis • Eysenck and Eysenck • Extroversion versus introversion • Emotional stability versus instability • Eysenck Personality Questionnaire

  27. EXPLORING TRAITS FACTOR ANALYSIS

  28. EXPLORING TRAITS FACTOR ANALYSIS

  29. EXPLORING TRAITS FACTOR ANALYSIS

  30. EXPLORING TRAITS FACTOR ANALYSIS

  31. EXPLORING TRAITS FACTOR ANALYSIS

  32. EXPLORING TRAITS FACTOR ANALYSIS

  33. EXPLORING TRAITS FACTOR ANALYSIS

  34. EXPLORING TRAITS:BIOLOGY AND PERSONALITY • Brain scans • Brain arousal • Genetics • Autonomic nervous system reactivity

  35. ASSESSING TRAITS • Personality inventory • Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) • Empirically derived test • Objective test • Lie scale

  36. THE BIG FIVE FACTORS • The Big Five • Conscientiousness • Agreeableness • Neuroticism • Emotional stability vs instability • Openness • Extraversion

  37. THE BIG FIVE FACTORS

  38. THE BIG FIVE FACTORS

  39. THE BIG FIVE FACTORS

  40. THE BIG FIVE FACTORS

  41. THE BIG FIVE FACTORS

  42. THE BIG FIVE FACTORS

  43. THE BIG FIVE FACTORS

  44. THE BIG FIVE FACTORS • Questions on The Big Five • How stable are the traits? • How heritable are the traits? • Do the traits predict other personal attributes?

  45. EVALUATING THE TRAIT PERSPECTIVE:THE PERSON-SITUATION CONTROVERSY • Person-situation controversy • Are traits consistent? • Can traits predict behavior?

  46. THE SOCIAL-COGNITIVE PERSPECTIVE

  47. THE SOCIAL-COGNITIVE PERSPECTIVE • Social-cognitive perspective • Social-behavioral approach

  48. RECIPROCAL INFLUENCES • Reciprocal determinism

  49. RECIPROCAL INFLUENCES • Ways individuals and the environment interact • Different people choose different environments • Our personalities shape how we interpret and react to events • Our personalities help create situations to which we react

  50. THE BIOPSYCHOSOCIAL APPROACH TO THE STUDY OF PERSONALITY

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