US LHC Accelerator Research Magnet Program Workshop on Advanced Accelerator Magnets

1. US LHC Accelerator Research Magnet Program Workshop on Advanced Accelerator Magnets “Magnets Beyond NbTi” S. Gourlay, LBNL March 17 – 18, 2003 Archamps, France S. Gourlay

2. US LARP Activities The program is organized into four areas of research: • Accelerator physics experiments and calculations • Understanding performance limitations of current IRs and developing new designs • Participation in the sector test and machine start-up • Beam dynamics calculations and experiments • Developing high performance magnets for new higher luminosity Irs • Large-aperture, high gradient quadrupoles using Nb3Sn. • High-field beam separation dipoles • Developing advanced beam diagnostics and instrumentation • Commissioning our hardware for the LHC S. Gourlay

3. US LHC Accelerator Research Program • US LARP Magnet Program • Continue US collaboration on LHC construction project • Improve long-term physics research opportunities of the LHC • Provide technology choices for AP • Extend US expertise in high–field accelerator magnets • Represents the first opportunity to use Nb3Sn in an accelerator • Develop world-wide collaboration on high-performance magnets • CERN, ESGARD, KEK, EU, etc. • Archamps Workshop S. Gourlay

4. US LHC Accelerator Research Program • Integrate the three US laboratoriesand include university participation • Leveraged by • Existing technology base • Intellectual resources • Facilities • BNL – React and wind Nb3Sn and HTS studies • FNAL – Wind and react Nb3Sn cos-theta dipoles • LBNL – High field, Nb3Sn dipoles S. Gourlay

5. LHC Accelerator Upgrades • Luminosity (IR upgrade) • Options • IR I • Large aperture quad with maximum gradient > 250 T/m • IR II • High gradient 2/1 quad with maximum gradient > 300 T/m • Large bore separation dipole with a field > 15 T • Smaller bore, 2/1 dipole with a field > 15 T • Energy Upgrade • Technology development supported by LARP, applied through LBNL base program • Small aperture, high field arc dipoles (17 T) Initial program target S. Gourlay

6. US LHC Accelerator Research Program • Focus is on Nb3Sn, large-aperture quadrupoles • Also considers development of high-field beam-separation dipoles • Required in all IR upgrades scenarios under consideration • Builds on “generic” Nb3Sn dipole R&D programs • Initial program is to develop technologies, not specific designs • Specific design choices will be made after several years of magnet R&D and related accelerator design studies (Large-aperture linear and non-linear correction magnets will have substantially higher pole-tip fields than in the baseline IRs and may become quit challenging) S. Gourlay

7. Main Issues High fields and gradients Large beam-induced heat loads Extend and quantify limits on key performance parameters Issue-driven program designed to develop an enabling technology base for LHC upgrades and future accelerators 2003 – 05 Technology, simple models 2006 – 09 More complex models 2010 – 12 Accelerator-ready prototype US LHC Accelerator Research Program Nb3Sn S. Gourlay

8. US LHC Accelerator Research Program S. Gourlay

9. High Field (Nb3Sn) Dipole Prototypes 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 T LHC (CERN, 1988) MSUT (U. Twente 1995) LHC Luminosity Upgrade LHC Energy Upgrade RD3c (LBNL 2002) RT-1 (LBNL 1999) D-20 (LBNL 1996) 1.9K RD3b (LBNL 2001) S. Gourlay