Why Use MLA?

1. Why Use MLA? Daniels 11th Grade

2. Formatting the Paper • Heading • Font • Margins

3. What Goes in a Paper Heading? • Name • Instructor’s Name • Paper Title • Date

4. Paper Heading Example • Susan Garcia • Mr. Daniels • Research Paper Assessment Committee • 29 March, 2010

5. Title Page • MUST have for the Graduation Project • What’s on the title page? • Title / Name / Class / Professor / Date

6. Title Page Example Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever By Mary K. Lindsay English 11 Research Paper Assessment Committee 29 March, 2010

7. Titles • Do not punctuate your title, unless you are using someone else’s work. • Title must be specific to your paper’s topic. • Make it interesting! • Between 6-8 words

8. Source Cards • What are they? • They are index cards on which you put all of the information you will need about all the sources you use.

9. But Why Do I Need To Do Them? They will help you to: Identify the sources of quotations and ideas for citing your sources. Find sources again if you need them Make your “works cited” (bibliography) list

10. How to Do It! Use index cards to make your source cards. Use only one source per card. Give each source its own number, starting with number 1. You will later link your notes to these numbers.

11. Book Source

12. WISEOWL Source

13. Interview Source

14. Web Source

15. Internet Sources and No Page Number • Use paragraph numbers • For example: (Moulthrop, pars. 19-20).

16. Multiple Authors Two or Three Authors: More Than Three Authors: Gilman, Sander, et al. Hysteria Beyond Freud. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1993. • Eggins, Suzanne, and Diane Slade. Analyzing Casual Conversation. London: Cassell, 1997.

17. Note Cards Why Do It? It is useful to take notes on index cards because it gives you the flexibility to change the order of your notes and group them together easily. You can buy a few packages of 3x5 index cards at most drugstores or stationary stores.

18. How Do I Do It? (1) • Write the SLUG of the note at the top of each note card. • Write only one main point on a note card. • Only write information directly related to your SLUG. • Write only essential words, abbreviate when possible.

19. How Do I Do It? (2) • Be accurate; double check direct quotes and statistics. • Identify direct quotes with quotations marks and the person’s name. • Bracket your own words [ * ] when you add them into a quote. • Include the source’s number on the card.

20. How Do I Do It? (3) • Write the page number of the source after the note. • Use the word ‘over’ to indicate information on the back of the card.

21. Sample Note Card

23. SAVE WORK OFTEN! Only use “you” in the conclusion! Do it right & take your time!

24. END OF SECTION (1) NEXT: Outlines / Introduction / Body / Formatting / Works Cited

25. Outlines • There are two types of outlines • Topic: • Words and Phrases • Sentence: • Made up of complete sentences • Base your outline on the time that you have • You can do a combination of both!

26. How To Do It • Start by separating your SLUGS. • Check to make sure you have given each card a SLUG and a paragraph / page number. • Give your primary source cards a SLUG too! • Organize cards in the order you want them to appear in your outline

27. The Introduction! Introduction • Creative sentence about topic • Interesting information about topic • Thesis statement (ITALICS) • Points to prove (SLUGS)

28. The Body (1) • Start by placing all your SLUGS next to the ROMAN NUMERALS (I. II. III. IV. V.) • Next, divide each SLUG into 2-5 main points. (A, B, C, etc…) • Types of Vegetarians • Basic Vegetarian • Vegan • Other

29. The Body (2) • Now, provide details about each division of the SLUG. Use: NUMBERS • Types of Vegetarians A. Basic Vegetarian 1. What is it? 2. What they eat B. Vegan 1. What is it? 2. What they eat • Using your note card, place the source number and card number beside the details.

30. The Body (3) • I. Types of Vegetarians A. Basic Vegetarian 1. What is it? 2-1, 3-4, 6-1 2. What they eat. 2-3, 2-2, 4-1 B. Vegan 1. What is it? 4-2 2. What they eat. 3-2, 3-3 C. Other Variations 1. Pesco and Pollo. 1-2, 1-3, 1-4 2. Ovo and Lacto. 1-5, 1-6

31. Conclusion • Overall, researching the lifestyle of a Vegan proved to be extremely informative. • Summarize your finds: Include Thesis. • End with a “zinger” / SUCK UP

32. Stuff You Need To Know! • Punctuating Titles: • Short published works in “quotation marks” • ARTCILES • T.V. EPISODES • SHORT STORIES

33. Italics - Names of Companies - Names of Divisions within a company - Brand Names - Historical Events

34. Long Works in Italics or Underlined - Newspaper / Magazine Titles - Books - TV Programs - Symphonies - Works of Art - Plays - Movies

35. Documenting Within Your Paper (1) • It may be true that “in the appreciation of medieval art the attitude of the observer is of primary importance” (Robertson 136). • Direct Quotes • Use quotations marks • Use author’s last name and page number • The period goes behind the page number

36. Documenting Within Your Paper (2) • It may be true, as Robertson maintains, that “in the appreciation of medieval art the attitude of the observer is of primary importance” (136). 1. Because the author’s name is in the text, you do not need to put it in the brackets. 2. Notice that the period is still at the end, not behind the last word *** REMEMBER! You only want 8-15 direct quotes in your paper!

37. Documenting Within Your Paper (3) • It may be true, as Robertson maintains, that the art lover’s perspective is key to his or her appreciation of medieval art (136). 1. Notice that the author’s name is in the sentence. 2. This is a paraphrase, but still gives credit to the author.

38. Documenting Within Your Paper (4) • In the novel, Oliver Twist, Oliver bravely asks, “Please, sir, I want some more” (Dickens 14). The master of the work house is astonished that an orphan could be so bold. He replies, ‘What!’ said the master at length, in a faint voice” (14). The above is just one example of many that proves that orphans tend to develop coping skills in an effort to prevent further emotional damage (Baker-Smith para. 1-2). Baker-Smith continues to state that orphans generally lack the ability to bond emotionally to others (para. 3) • Notice that the writer has used several types of documentation • If the quotes / paraphrases used are from the same source, only provide the last name the first time. After that, just use the page number. • But, if you change sources, you must indicate that by using the 2nd author’s last name and page.

39. Quotes from Authors • According to Harold Bloom, “Charles Dickens was the most prolific author of the Victorian Age” (Bloom 122). In Dickens's novel Bleak House, the narrator prepares us for Joe’s imminent death, “Fast. The cart is shaken all to pieces, and the rugged road is very near its end” (Dickens 603). • Why is Dickens documented?

40. Work Cited • This is always the last page in a paper. • It is a separate page, but is numbered consecutively. • The page is titled ‘Work Cited’. No underling, quotes, or fancy fonts. • Use your source cards to complete it. • Put it in alphabetical order. • Double spaced! • If the source is longer that 1 line ,indent the 2nd line.

41. More Stuff You Need To Know! • Don’t forget your Title Page • Don’t forget your header on the first page! • Don’t forget your title! • Don’t forget to put your thesis in italics! • Do not forget to number your pages! • You can do a graph!!! 5 Points EXTRA!!!