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ST FRANCIS

ST FRANCIS. FOUNDER OF THREE ORDERS. THREE ORDERS Celano: “To all he gave a norm of life.”. FRIARS MINOR POOR LADIES ORDER OF PENANCE. “TRIPLE ARMY”. Clergy, Religious, Laity or Friars, Clares, Penitents. FRIARS MINOR. Francis lived the life He wrote the Rule (1223) Rule sealed by

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ST FRANCIS

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  1. ST FRANCIS FOUNDER OF THREE ORDERS

  2. THREE ORDERSCelano: “To all he gave a norm of life.” • FRIARS MINOR • POOR LADIES • ORDER OF PENANCE

  3. “TRIPLE ARMY” • Clergy, Religious, Laity or • Friars, Clares, Penitents

  4. FRIARS MINOR • Francis lived the life • He wrote the Rule (1223) • Rule sealed by Honorius III

  5. POOR LADIES • Clare lived the life • She wrote the Rule (1253) • Rule sealed by Innocent IV (Francis “established” their form of life)

  6. ORDER OF PENITENTS THIRD ORDER SECULAR AND REGULAR • Francis not secular after 1205 • He did not write the Rule (1289) • Rule sealed by Nicholas IV

  7. “FOUNDER” OF HIS PENITENTS Benedict XV (1921): “Founder and legislator” Questions: • True and direct Founder? • Directed existing movement?

  8. “FOUNDER” Verified by: • Letters of St Francis • Franciscan Sources

  9. LETTERS St Francis wrote to “All the faithful”: • First Letter (1215) • Second Letter (1221)

  10. FRANCISCAN SOURCES • Thomas of Celano (1228) • Gregory IX (1228) • Julian of Speyer (1231) • St Bonaventure (1260) • Others

  11. ORDER OF PENITENTS St Francis was: • Influential in its foundation • Its reference and focal point • Its organizer, teacher, author • Its institutor, father, founder

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