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PORTO. FACULDADE DE MEDICINA. UNIVERSIDADE DO PORTO. HEALTH BEHAVIOUR OF MEDICAL STUDENTS:. HEALTH BEHAVIOUR OF MEDICAL STUDENTS:. SAYING IS ONE THING, DOING IS ANOTHER?. SAYING IS ONE THING, DOING IS ANOTHER?. TURMA 4. TURMA 4. PORTO. FACULDADE DE MEDICINA. UNIVERSIDADE DO PORTO.

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  1. PORTO FACULDADE DE MEDICINA UNIVERSIDADE DO PORTO HEALTH BEHAVIOUR OF MEDICAL STUDENTS: HEALTH BEHAVIOUR OF MEDICAL STUDENTS: SAYING IS ONE THING, DOING IS ANOTHER? SAYING IS ONE THING, DOING IS ANOTHER? TURMA 4 TURMA 4

  2. PORTO FACULDADE DE MEDICINA UNIVERSIDADE DO PORTO Induces higher or reduced health risks (McGinnis et al,1993) Pattern of personal behavioral choices Lifestyle It is of interest to examine lifestyles of today’s medical students – tomorrow’s doctors (Webb et al., 1998) Health behaviours are established early in life setting the pattern for latter years (Steptoe et al., 2002) McGinnis, J. M., and Foege, W. H. (1993). "Actual Causes of Death in the United States." Journal of the American Medical Association 270:2207–2212. Steptoe, A., Wardle, J., Cui, W., Bellisle, F., Zotti, A., Baranyai, R., & Sanderman, R. (2002). Trends in smoking , diet, physical exercise and atittudes toward health in European university students from 13 Countries, 1990-2000. Preventive Medicine, 35, 97-104. Webb, E., Ashton, C. H., Kelly, P. & Kamali, F. (1998). Na update on British medical students’ lifestyles. Medical education, 32, 325-331 TURMA 4 TURMA 4

  3. PORTO FACULDADE DE MEDICINA UNIVERSIDADE DO PORTO AIMS AIMS • Describe health related habits of Portuguese medical students • Study the influence of medical schools and its’ knowledge on health behaviour of medical students • Analyse the impact of some academic and social characteristics in student’s lifestyle. TURMA 4 TURMA 4

  4. PORTO FACULDADE DE MEDICINA UNIVERSIDADE DO PORTO SUBJECTS AND METHODS SUBJECTS AND METHODS • Study Design • Cross-sectional study on the health habits of Portuguese medical students • Sample includes first and fourth year medical students from Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto • Information about health habits was obtained by applying a self-report questionnaire TURMA 4 TURMA 4

  5. PORTO FACULDADE DE MEDICINA UNIVERSIDADE DO PORTO SUBJECTS AND METHODS SUBJECTS AND METHODS • Data collection instrument • Health and Behaviour Survey (HBS) • Created for the European Health and Behaviour Study (Steptoe & Wardle, 1991). It was used the Portuguese version (Geada, Justo, Santos, Steptoe & Wardle, 1994) • Only parts of section A was of interest for this study • It was added some independent variables like sex, residence status and grades • Other marginal changes were made Steptoe, A., & Wardle, J. (1991). The European health and behaviour survey: rationale, methods and initial results form the United Kingdom. Social Sciences Medicine, 33, 925-936. Geada, M., Justo, J., Santos, S., Steptoe, A., & Wardle, J. (1994). Hábitos de saúde, comportamentos de risco e níveis de saúde física e psicológica em estudantes universitários. Psicologia da Saúde: áreas de intervenção e perspectivas futuras, 157-175. TURMA 4 TURMA 4

  6. PORTO FACULDADE DE MEDICINA UNIVERSIDADE DO PORTO STATISTICAL ANALYSIS STATISTICAL ANALYSIS • Sample description: • Number of questionnaires: 328 • Blank questionnaires: 3 • Non-respondents per variable: 3.28 • Firts year students: 247 Fourth year students: 81 • Females: 223 Males: 102 TURMA 4 TURMA 4

  7. PORTO FACULDADE DE MEDICINA UNIVERSIDADE DO PORTO STATISTICAL ANALYSIS STATISTICAL ANALYSIS • For the treatment of data it was used: • SPSS software • Unpaired T-test, for continuous variables • Chi-square test, for categorical variables • Statistical significance defined as p<0.05 TURMA 4 TURMA 4

  8. PORTO FACULDADE DE MEDICINA UNIVERSIDADE DO PORTO RESULTS RESULTS • Pattern of health behaviour of Portuguese medical students Would not like to reduce what is consumed 89% Alcohol Never or rarely drink 58% 62% Less than 3 times per fortnight Exercise Would like to do more exercise 72% Are not trying to loose weight 64% Weight Normal Body Mass Index 86% Smoking Never or almost 95% 0% 25% 50% 75% 100% TURMA 4 TURMA 4

  9. PORTO FACULDADE DE MEDICINA UNIVERSIDADE DO PORTO RESULTS RESULTS • Pattern of health behaviour of Portuguese medical students - Continuation 49% Residence Live with relatives Eating fruit At least one time per each two/three days 64% Fats Avoid eating aliments rich in saturated fats 67% Sleeping Between six and eight hours 76% Adding salt Rarely or never add salt to prepared dishes 83% Oral hygiene Brush their teeth two times per day or more 86% 0% 25% 50% 75% 100% TURMA 4 TURMA 4

  10. PORTO FACULDADE DE MEDICINA UNIVERSIDADE DO PORTO RESULTS RESULTS • Comparison between first and fourth year students – alcoholic drinks 68% Do not or rarely drink 55% P=0,038 32% Often drink 45% 0% 25% 50% 75% 100% 4.º year 1.º year TURMA 4 TURMA 4

  11. PORTO FACULDADE DE MEDICINA UNIVERSIDADE DO PORTO RESULTS RESULTS • Difference between residency status - Perception of personal health condition 2% Weak 0% 47% Good/ reasonable P=0,0025 27% 51% Excellent/ very good 73% 0% 25% 50% 75% 100% Do not live with relatives Live with relatives TURMA 4 TURMA 4

  12. PORTO FACULDADE DE MEDICINA UNIVERSIDADE DO PORTO RESULTS RESULTS • Difference between residency status - Physical exercise per fortnight 68% Less than three times P=0,019 55% 32% More than three times 45% 0% 25% 50% 75% 100% Do not live with relatives Live with relatives TURMA 4 TURMA 4

  13. PORTO FACULDADE DE MEDICINA UNIVERSIDADE DO PORTO RESULTS RESULTS • Difference between residency - Smoking per day 8% More than one cigarrett P=0,029 2% 92% less than one cigarrett 98% 0% 25% 50% 75% 100% Do not live with relatives Live with relatives TURMA 4 TURMA 4

  14. PORTO FACULDADE DE MEDICINA UNIVERSIDADE DO PORTO RESULTS RESULTS • Difference between residency status - Number of meals per day 10% One or two meals P=0,015 3% 90% Three or more meals 97% 0% 25% 50% 75% 100% Do not live with relatives Live with relatives TURMA 4 TURMA 4

  15. PORTO FACULDADE DE MEDICINA UNIVERSIDADE DO PORTO RESULTS RESULTS • Difference between residency status - Adding salt to food P=0,036 Frequently or sometimes 21% 12% 79% Never or rarely 88% 0% 25% 50% 75% 100% Do not live with relatives Live with relatives TURMA 4 TURMA 4

  16. PORTO FACULDADE DE MEDICINA UNIVERSIDADE DO PORTO RESULTS RESULTS • Difference between residency status - Reducing the quantity of alcoholic drinks consumed 17% P=0,008 Yes 3% 83% No 97% 0% 25% 50% 75% 100% Do not live with relatives Live with relatives TURMA 4 TURMA 4

  17. PORTO FACULDADE DE MEDICINA UNIVERSIDADE DO PORTO WHAT ARE WE STILL DOING? WHAT ARE WE STILL DOING? • New data entry • Further general comparison • Analysis of relation between variables • The third objective has not yet been fulfiled TURMA 4 TURMA 4

  18. PORTO FACULDADE DE MEDICINA UNIVERSIDADE DO PORTO REFERENCES REFERENCES Geada, M., Justo, J., Santos, S., Steptoe, A., & Wardle, J. (1994). Hábitos de saúde, comportamentos de risco e níveis de saúde física e psicológica em estudantes universitários. Psicologia da Saúde: áreas de intervenção e perspectivas futuras, 157-175. Piko BF. Does knowledge count? Attitudes toward smoking among medical, nursing, and pharmacy students in Hungary. J Community Health. 2002 Aug;27(4):269 Skemiene L, Ustinaviciene R, Piesine L, Radisauskas R. Peculiarities of medical students' nutrition. Medicina (Kaunas). 2007; 43(2):145-52. Steptoe, A., & Wardle, J. (1991). The European health and behaviour survey: rationale, methods and initial results form the United Kingdom. Social Sciences Medicine, 33, 925-936. Steptoe, A., Wardle, J., Cui, W., Bellisle, F., Zotti, A., Baranyai, R., & Sanderman, R. (2002). Trends in smoking , diet, physical exercise and atittudes toward health in European university students from 13 Countries, 1990-2000. Preventive Medicine, 35, 97-104. Webb, E., Ashton, C. H., Kelly, P. & Kamali, F. (1998). Na update on British medical students’ lifestyles. Medical education, 32, 325-331 TURMA 4 TURMA 4

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