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Cultures and

Cultures and. Non-verbal codes. CODE… A system of communication. Verbal Non-verbal. Non-Verbal Behavior. How do people stand when they talk to one another? What are the accepted seating arrangements?

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Cultures and

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  1. Culturesand Non-verbal codes

  2. CODE… A system of communication • Verbal • Non-verbal

  3. Non-Verbal Behavior • How do people stand when they talk to one another? • What are the accepted seating arrangements? • Are there generally accepted religious principles that cannot be violated, such as certain foods (accepted or taboo), colors, icons, and particular forbidden behaviors? • What hand gestures are acceptable? • What do various items of apparel communicate?

  4. High context culture The message is implicit [Asian, Southern European] The “info” is read through the grid of non-verbal codes—the context

  5. Low-context culture The message is explicit [Northern Europe, U.S.] The “info” is primarily read through the grid of verbal codes (“words, words, words...”)

  6. CODE… A system of communication • The Non-verbal Codes [Some explanations and examples]

  7. CHRONEMICS • Communicating through time • M-TIME –monochronemic • P-TIME -polychronemic Let me tell you about the “time” I attended a wedding… Should one be on time or late?

  8. PROXEMICS • Communicating through space and distance Physical orientation - Close? Too close???? Face to face? (American) Side to side? (Chinese) House design…placement and sizes of doorways, windows, etc.

  9. Communicating through movement and gestures Facial expressions Waving goodbye Beckoning Yes/no Death/suicide Greetings Disagreement KINESICS

  10. HAPTICS Communicating through touch Shaking hands -- Who offers first? (Vietnam – women and elders offer hand first) Thailand – no touching of the head

  11. OCULESICS • Communicating through the eyes “Look me in the eye!” - Know the culture!!! Widening of eyes -- Anger? (Chinese) Surprise? (Anglo) Help/assistance? (Hispanic) Native Americans – children taught eye contact shows disrespect

  12. OLFACTICS • Communicating through smell Body odors Use of perfume or colognes Incense Spices Selling your home…

  13. VOCALICS • Communicating through paralanguage Grunts, uh-huhs Giggling (young Japanese girls) “hai” = yes, but indicates understanding

  14. PHYSICAL APPEARANCE • Communicating through dress What does the way you dress say about you? Uniforms? Occasional wear?

  15. SILENCE • Communicating through stillness In the U.S. culture, what does silence indicate? “Squeaky wheel gets greased…” Eastern cultures – lengthy, social silence

  16. Codes… Understand a culture’s “codes” to understand the people…

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