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HETEROTROPHS cannot make their own food.

HETEROTROPHS cannot make their own food. . They must obtain their nutrition from their environment. . Heterotrophic organisms include most bacteria, some protists , and all fungi and animals. Heterotrophic nutrition involves the processes of ingestion, digestion, and egestion . . I D

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HETEROTROPHS cannot make their own food.

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  1. HETEROTROPHS cannot make their own food. • They must obtain their nutrition from their environment.

  2. Heterotrophic organisms include most bacteria, some protists, and all fungi and animals.

  3. Heterotrophic nutrition involves the processes of ingestion, digestion, and egestion. I D E

  4. INGESTION includes the ways that heterotrophs take food into their bodies. Snake Eating

  5. Ingestion is often accompanied by MECHANICAL DIGESTION of food. Large pieces of food are broken down into smaller pieces by cutting, grinding, and tearing. Cow Chewing Mechanical digestion increases the surface area of food.

  6. CHEMICAL DIGESTION breaks down large, pieces of foodinto smaller pieces. Cow's Digestive System

  7. What type of digestion is this cartoon talking about?

  8. What type of digestion is this cartoon talking about about ?

  9. In some heterotrophs, such as a paremecium and ameba chemical digestion is INTRACELLULAR. (within the cell) FOOD VACUOLE = HUMAN STOMACH

  10. In most heterotrophs, digestion is EXTRACELLULAR. It occurs outside the cells. Then the end products of digestion are absorbed into cells.

  11. EGESTION Indigestible materials are eliminated from an organism.

  12. FUNGI (mushrooms) live in or on their food supply. They secrete chemicals that digest materials. The materials are then absorbed into the cells.

  13. The AMEBA catches it’s food particles by engulfing them using PSEUDOPODS. • This process is known as • PHAGOCYTOSIS. • The food is digested in a FOOD VACULE. • With the help of Lysosomes. White Blood cell Chase

  14. In a paramecium, the CILIA push food particles into the ORAL GROOVE. • The food is digested in • a FOOD VACUOLE.

  15. The food vacuoles merge withLYSOSOMES, which contain digestive enzymes.

  16. The HYDRA has a hollow body – it’s a digestive cavity with a mouth at one end. • The TENTACLES push food into the body. Click here to watch hydra eat

  17. EXTRACELLULAR digestion takes place inside the hydra’s GASTROVASCULAR CAVITY. Digestion is then completed INTRACELLULARLY (within the cells). • The end products of digestion are used by all the cells of the organism. gastrovascular cavity

  18. Undigested material is expelled from the digestive cavity through the mouth. We describe the hydra as having a TWO-WAY digestive system because food enters and wastes are expelled through the same opening.

  19. The EARTHWORM has a tube-like digestive tract with two openings: the MOUTH and the ANUS. Food is digested as it passes in one direction through the organs of the digestive tract.

  20. Food is ingested through the mouth. • Then passes through the esophagus to the CROP. • The Crop stores food. • Then the GIZZARD breaks down the food by grinding it mechanically.

  21. The food passes into the INTESTINE, where it is chemically digested. • 6. The end products are absorbed into the bloodstream. • The design of the intestine is to create a large surface area. • Digestion occurs in the food tube (outside of the cells). • It is EXTRACELLULAR.

  22. Wastes are egested through the ANUS. earthworm castings

  23. The GRASSHOPPER’s digestive system is similar to the earthworm’s. It is one way.

  24. The grasshopper has highly specialized mouthparts for cutting and tearing food.

  25. It also has SALIVARY GLANDS and GASTRIC CAECA, which release chemicals into the digestive tract to aid in chemical digestion.

  26. The CROP stores food. • The GIZZARD mechanically digests food. • The STOMACH chemically digests food using the enzymes produced in specialized glands (the gastric caeca). CROP GIZZARD STOMACH

  27. The grasshopper also has a RECTUM which absorbs water from the food waste. RECTUM

  28. The HUMAN digestive system is a lot like that of the grasshopper and earthworm. • Food moves in one direction through a tube called the GASTROINTESTINAL (GI) TRACT. • Specialized organs carry out • mechanical digestion, chemical digestion, absorption of nutrients, • and elimination of waste.

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