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National Drug IQ Challenge

National Drug IQ Challenge. http://drugfactsweek.drugabuse.gov/IQChallenge.php Can you make it to the Brainiac Round?. Chapter 21: Alcohol. Lesson 1: The Health Risks of Alcohol Use. Alcohol. Alcohol, or ethanol- the type of alcohol in alcoholic beverages - is a powerful and addictive drug.

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National Drug IQ Challenge

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  1. National Drug IQ Challenge http://drugfactsweek.drugabuse.gov/IQChallenge.php Can you make it to the Brainiac Round?

  2. Chapter 21: Alcohol Lesson 1: The Health Risks of Alcohol Use

  3. Alcohol • Alcohol, or ethanol- the type of alcohol in alcoholic beverages- is a powerful and addictive drug. • Using alcohol during the teen years can affect brain development. • Ethanol can be produced synthetically, or naturally by fermenting fruits, vegetables, and grains. • Fermentation is the chemical action of yeast on sugars. • Water, flavoring, and minerals are mixed with ethanol to produce beer, wine, and flavored malt-liquor drinks.

  4. Short-Term Effects of Alcohol • Alcohol is a depressant, a drug that slows the central nervous system. • If a person consumes too much alcohol, he or she will become intoxicated. • Intoxication is the state in which the body is poisoned by alcohol or another substance, and the person’s physical and mental control is significantly reduced. • Alcohol stays in a person’s system until the liver can metabolize it, or break it down.

  5. Short-Term Effects of Alcohol • Changes to the brain • Development • Memory • Judgment and control • Risk of stroke • Cardiovascular changes • Heart • Liver and kidney problems • Digestive system problems • Stomach • Pancreas problems

  6. Factors That Influence Alcohol’s Effects • Body size. A smaller person feels the effect of the same amount of alcohol faster than a larger person. • Gender. Alcohol generally moves into the bloodstream faster in females than in males. • Food. Food in the stomach slows down the passage of alcohol into the bloodstream. • Rate of intake. If a person drinks alcohol faster than the liver can break it down, the person becomes intoxicated. • Amount. As the amount of alcohol consumed increases, the level of alcohol in the bloodstream rises. • Medicine. Alcohol can interfere with the effects of medicines, and medicines can heighten the effect of alcohol.

  7. Alcohol and Drug Interactions • Medicines that may cause reactions have warning labels that advise people not to use alcohol. • Alcohol-drug interactions- • The body may absorb the drug or alcohol more slowly, increasing the length of time that alcohol or the drug is in the body. • Alcohol can decrease the effectiveness of some medications, and increase the effectiveness of others. • Enzymes in the body can change some medications into chemicals that can damage the liver or other organs.

  8. Long-Term Effects of Alcohol • Excessive alcohol use over a long period of time can damage many of the body systems, such as: • Damage to brain cells and a reduction in brain size. • Increase in blood pressure, which may lead to a heart attack or stroke. • Buildup of fat cells in the liver, which can lead to cell death. • Damage to the digestive lining of the stomach causing ulcers and cancer of the stomach. • Destruction of the pancreas. • The negative effects of alcohol can also include damage to relationships with family, friends, and others.

  9. Binge Drinking and Alcohol Poisoning • Some people choose to drink large amounts of alcohol during one session. • Binge drinking is drinking five or more alcoholic drinks at one sitting. • Rapid binge drinking is sometimes done on a bet or dare. • Binge drinking can lead to alcohol poisoning. • Alcohol poisoning is a severe and potentially fatal physical reaction to an alcohol overdose. • Involuntary actions, such as breathing and the gag reflex that prevents choking may be impaired.

  10. Long-Term Effects • The Brain • Addiction • Loss of brain functions • Brain damage • The Cardiovascular System • Heart damage • High blood pressure • The Digestive System • Irritation of digestive lining • Fatty liver • Alcoholic hepatitis • Cirrhosis of the liver • The Pancreas • Swelling of the pancreas lining

  11. Effects of Alcohol Poisoning • Even though someone may become unconscious, alcohol that is in the stomach continues to enter the bloodstream. • Even if someone is unconscious, that person’s blood alcohol level will continue to rise. • Some symptoms include: • Mental confusion and stupor. • Coma and an inability to be roused. • Vomiting and seizures. • Slow respiration. • Irregular heartbeat. • Hypothermia or low body temperature.

  12. Myths & Reality • Myth: • Beer or wine won’t get you drunk as fast as hard liquor. • Fact: • The amount of alcohol consumed, not the type of drink, makes a person drunk. A can of beer, a 4-ounce glass of wine, or a mixed drink all contain about the same amount of alcohol. • Myth: • Drinking alcohol warms the body. • Fact: • While drinking alcohol can make the drinker’s skin feel warm, blood vessels in the skin expand and actually cause the body to lose heat. Outside on a cold day, this can result in hypothermia.

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