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Principles of Perception

Principles of Perception. Perceptual Inference. Definition: When we fill-in holes between our sensations to develop a perception. Perceptual Inference depends on experience Ex. Our brain helps cover movie goofs / continuity errors. Gestalt.

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Principles of Perception

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  1. Principles of Perception

  2. Perceptual Inference • Definition: When we fill-in holes between our sensations to develop a perception. • Perceptual Inference depends on experience • Ex. Our brain helps cover movie goofs / continuity errors

  3. Gestalt • A pattern formed based on organizing bits of info into more meaningful wholes • Ex. The story of the blind men and the elephant.

  4. Gestalt Principles • Closure: we “close” open objects

  5. Gestalt Principles • Continuity: More likely to continue patterns, rather than disrupted ones

  6. Gestalt Principles • Similarity: Similar objects are grouped, dissimilar ones stick out.

  7. Gestalt Principles • Proximity: Objects close together are perceived as one object

  8. Figure-Ground Perception • An object is separated from its background • Visually, one area is dark, other is lighter. • Hearing, able to pick out a melody from the rest of the song, one person’s voice in a crowd.

  9. Figure-Ground

  10. Learning to Perceive • Senses are Nature, Perception Acquisition is nurture. • Ex. Babies learn to perceive the difference between a human face and a blank oval. • Needs and wants will make us more likely to perceive objects • Ex. hungry people can more readily perceive food.

  11. Constancy • We perceive objects the same way, regardless of changes in conditions • Ex. A stapler is perceived as being the same even if lighting and your angle towards it are different.

  12. Illusions • Incorrect perceptions, misrepresenting physical stimuli

  13. Illusions • The legendary works of M.C. Esher

  14. ESP (Extrasensory Perception) • The belief that humans have additional senses beyond the ones we readily acknowledge • Ex. speaking to the dead, etc.

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