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FACTORS INFLUENCING THE ANTIBODY RESPONSE TO RABIES VACCINATION

FACTORS INFLUENCING THE ANTIBODY RESPONSE TO RABIES VACCINATION. V.Jakel 1 K.Cussler 2 , M.König 1 , H.-J.Thiel 1 1 Institute of Virology, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Germany 2 Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany. Introduction.

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FACTORS INFLUENCING THE ANTIBODY RESPONSE TO RABIES VACCINATION

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  1. FACTORS INFLUENCING THE ANTIBODY RESPONSE TO RABIES VACCINATION V.Jakel1 K.Cussler2, M.König1, H.-J.Thiel1 1Institute of Virology, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Germany 2Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany Verena Jakel

  2. Introduction • Dogs and cats vaccinated against rabies according to recommendations of manufacturer may fail to reach the titre of 0,5 IU/ml required for travel purposes • Cliquet, 2003: 7,4% dogs 1,9% cats • Mansfield, 2004: 5,2% dogs 2,7% cats (lab 1) 4,1% dogs 2,9% cats (lab 2) • Survey Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, 2004: 10-18% dogs 0-5% cats (lab 1 – 3) Verena Jakel

  3. Material and Methods • Sera tested by FAVN assay • Questionnaire sent to veterinarians of dogs and cats tested for travel purposes • Separate data query for animals with test result < 0,5 IU/ml („test failed“) and ≥ 0,5 IU/ml („test passed“) Verena Jakel

  4. Influences on test result I: previous vaccinations • Primovaccinated dogs have a 6-fold higher risk for test failure than multivaccinated dogs. dogs cats OR 8.49, p=0.0019, 95%-CI: 2.2 – 32.8 OR 6.52, p<0.0001, 95%-CI: 4.9 – 8.7 Verena Jakel

  5. Influences on test result II (dogs): time vaccination - blood sampling • Primovaccinated dogs tested more than 120 days after vaccination have a 3,27 fold higher risk for test failure than dogs tested during the first four months after vaccination Verena Jakel

  6. Travel destinations (all animals) Verena Jakel

  7. Influences on test result III (dogs): Vaccine • 4 different rabies virus strains for inactivated vaccines in use in Germany Verena Jakel

  8. Influences on test result III (dogs): Vaccine • Dogs vaccinated with vaccine strains 2 or 3 have a lower risk for test failure than dogs vaccinated with vaccine strain 1 or 4 *αi Bonferroni-Holm adjusted for multiple tests Verena Jakel

  9. Influences on test result IV (dogs): Vaccine • Dogs vaccinated with monovalent vaccines have a lower risk for test failure (OR 0.662, 95%-CI: 0.552 - 0.840, p=0.0007) Verena Jakel

  10. Summary Significant influence on test outcome: • Number of rabies vaccinations animal has received in lifetime • Time between vaccination and blood sampling • Strain of rabies vaccine • Vaccine formulation No significant influence on test outcome: • Sex • Medical treatment in parallel to rabies vaccination Travel regulations frequently not complied Verena Jakel

  11. Overall compliance of regulations Verena Jakel

  12. Conclusions • Booster vaccination necessary in dogs and young cats to enhance probability of test result of ≥ 0,5 IU/ml • Significant differences between vaccines to induce rabies virus neutralizing antibodies • Harmonization of regulations for better compliance compulsory Verena Jakel

  13. Outlook • Additional statistical analysis of data on influence of vaccination history and vaccines • Influence of test virus strain (CVS) and vaccine strains on FAVN results Verena Jakel

  14. Acknowledgements Institute of Virology Justus-Liebig-University Giessen • C. Förster • M. Lenhard • S. Deike • B. Bank-Wolf • Dr. D. Chauvet • PD Dr. A. Hoffmann • Dr. A. Mergel Federal agency for sera and vaccines • The study was financially supported by the Federal Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Consumer Protection (BMVEL), Germany Verena Jakel

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