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Martin Luther King Jr. Civil Rights Hero

English GEMS Group 4. Martin Luther King Jr. Civil Rights Hero. Early Years. Born January 15, 1929 as Michael Luther King - changed his name Studied at Morehouse College (a school for blacks) and Boston University Married Coretta Scott and had 2 sons and 2 daughters. Civil Rights.

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Martin Luther King Jr. Civil Rights Hero

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  1. English GEMS Group 4 Martin Luther King Jr.Civil Rights Hero

  2. Early Years • Born January 15, 1929 as Michael Luther King - changed his name • Studied at Morehouse College (a school for blacks) and Boston University • Married Coretta Scott and had 2 sons and 2 daughters

  3. Civil Rights • Executive Member of National Association for the Advancement of Colored People • Early in December 1955, he became the leader of the bus boycott in Alabama

  4. Montgomery Line Bus Boycott • Started December 1, 1955 • Rosa Parks, a black seamstress, refused to give up her seat to a white man – she got arrested • Blacks were the majority of bus riders, but they were still made to stand for the whites • Blacks got angry and did not ride buses for 382 days, depriving companies of revenues

  5. Bus Boycott • Government was forced to pass a law stating there should be equal seats of whites and blacks on buses • King was threatened, bombed, abused, but emerged as a true leader of the blacks • Believed firmly in nonviolence to achieve goals

  6. He Had a Dream • Elected leader of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference • Preached about using peaceful means wherever inspiration was needed • Youngest man to win Nobel Peace Prize at 35 years old • Used prize money to fund Civil Rights movement

  7. Historic Speech • Directed peaceful march in Washington DC at the Lincoln Memorial • “I Have a Dream” speech • His vision – a world where blacks and whites would live peacefully side by side • Whites were brothers of blacks, because they “shared a common destiny” • Nonviolence – “we will meet physical force with soul force”

  8. Bombing in Birmingham • On September 15, 1963, a bomb was dropped on 16th Street Baptist Church • Killed four kids: Addie Mae Collins, Cynthia Wesley, Carole Robertson, Denise McNair • Look at our book “The Watsons Go to Birmingham” – it is dedicated to the 4 dead girls

  9. Difficulties • The Black Panther group, led by Malcolm X, began violent demonstrations, which were against King’s principles • “Black Power” • Many supporters of King began associating him with Black Panthers, so they started shunning him • King talked to Malcolm X, to no avail

  10. “I’ve Been to the Mountaintop” • April 4, 1968, King gave last speech • “ I've been to the mountaintop. And He's allowed me to go up to the mountain and I've looked over. And I've seen the promised land. I may not get there with you. But I want you to know tonight, that we, as a people, will get to the promised land. And I'm happy, tonight. Mine eyes have seen the glory of the coming of the Lord.”

  11. The Leader Falls • On April 4, 1968, after the speech, King returned to the Lorraine Motel • On the balcony, Martin Luther King was shot by James Earl Ray (a violent racist) • He was 39 years old

  12. Icon of Human Rights • Inspired South African Albert Lutuli to use nonviolence to fight apartheid • Lutuli won Nobel Peace Prize also • Civil Rights Law was passed, so blacks could vote

  13. The Legacy • Martin Luther King, Jr. Day – 3rd Monday of January (Jan 15-20) • Martin Luther King, Jr memorial now under construction at National Mall in Washington, DC • Pres. Barack Obama, a black American, was elected in 2008 – a historic event

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