Georgia Performance Standards:

1. Unit 3: Exploration & Colonization of Georgia Georgia Performance Standards: SS8H1b: Evaluate the impact of European contact on Native American culture; include Spanish missions along the barrier islands and the explorations of Hernando DeSoto.

2. The 1st FiveSeptember 6, 2013 • Write the agenda message • Copy K-W-L Chart in your composition book

3. Frayer Models: Unit 3 Vocabulary • Define the following terms using the Frayer Model template: • Renaissance • Mission • Conquistador • Christopher Columbus • Juan Ponce de Leon • Gulf Stream • Hernando de Soto Frayer Model Template Mission

4. Reasons for Exploration • The Renaissance, a “rebirth” and a time of new ideas in Europe, brought about changes in learning, religion, and trade. • It began in Italy in 1350.

5. Reasons for Exploration • Spices were in great demand by Europeans because: • Meat and fish spoiled too quickly, due to no refrigeration • Spices such as salt, pepper, cinnamon, nutmeg, and cloves helped to preserve food longer • It flavored foods making them tastier

6. Reasons for Exploration • Customers wanted exotic spices and fabrics from Asia, but transporting spices across great distances by land cost too much money. • Business owners wanted to make bigger profits = More money • Therefore, a shortcut was needed to get merchandise from Asia to Europe = Supply & Demand

7. Reasons for Exploration • The 3 main reasons that kings and queens (monarchs) financed expeditions (trips) to the New World: • God: To spread Christianity to more people. • Gold: To find riches (Gold, silver, precious stones, & exotic trinkets). • Glory: To become historically famous and to add more territory to their kingdom. (http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?guidAssetId=cd6df36d-b595-40f0-8064-d6c6b885a409)

8. The First FiveSeptember 10, 2013 • Write the Agenda Message Today’sWarm-up: What were the 3 main reasons for exploration to the New World (3Gs)? Explain each reason.

9. Name________________ Date_________________ Class _________________ Spanish/Portuguese Explorers Chart Refer to pages 40-44

10. Portuguese Explorers • Portuguese explorers continued to travel farther down the coast of Africa. • 1488-Bartolomeu Dias traveled around the southern tip of Africa. The Portuguese named the tip the Cape of Good Hope. • 1497-Vasco da Gama and his sailors were the 1st Europeans to discover a sea route to Asia. • Portugal became the leader of exploration.

12. European Exploration • Spain, France, and England wanted to compete with Portugal to discover new sea routes, too! • Rule #1-If you controlled the seas, then you controlled trade with Asia= Power & Wealth

13. The First FiveSeptember 11, 2013 • Write the Agenda Message Today’sWarm-up: Read & complete the September 11th worksheet (www.edhelper.com, 2013)

14. Spanish Conquistadors • Conquistador- a Spanish explorer and conqueror who sought to destroy and take over existing cultures in the Americas in the 1500s. • As they explored the Americas, they used guns and swords to defeat Native Americans. While the Native Americans used bows & arrows, and stone tools. • Without knowing it, these explorers carried diseases with them (smallpox, malaria, and measles). • These diseases killed many of the natives in the Americas.

15. Christopher Columbus • August 1492-Italian Christopher Columbus and his group of ships (Santa Maria, Pinta, & Niña) left Spain to find spices and gold for King Ferdinand & Queen Isabella. • October 12, 1492- He found islands which he thought were part of the Caribbean (A.K.A. West Indies).  • He brought back Native Americans (mistakenly calling them “Indians”).  • He did not find much gold. • The King and Queen of Spain named him, Admiral of the Ocean Sea.

17. Exploration by Spain • Due to Christopher Columbus’s success in the New World, Spain began to finance more voyages to the Americas. • Spain began to claim more territory and riches than England and France. • Juan Ponce de León was determined to find the “Fountain of Youth” in Florida (claimed for Spain). He came to Florida as early as 1513. • Ponce de León discovered a powerful ocean current called the Gulf Stream. • This ocean current flows from the Gulf of Mexico north along the eastern coast before turning east toward Europe…This helped explorers get back home to Europe quicker!

19. Exploration by Spain • Lucas Vásquez de Ayllóntried to create the first Spanish settlement along the east coast. • 1521-He settled in present day North Carolina and then moved on to South Carolina. • 1526-He started a colony named San Miguel de Gauldape off the coast of present day Georgia, but it lasted for only one year. • Many of the settlers and Lucas Vásquez de Ayllóndied at the San Miguel de Gauldapecolony.

20. Hernando DeSoto • 1540-Hernando De Soto and his army (about 600 men) were the 1st Europeans to enter what is now known as Georgia. • They were also the 1st Europeans to cross the Appalachian Mountains. • The Spaniards marched through Florida, Georgia, and South Carolina, but never found the gold they sought. • They brutally killed many Native Americans. • Four years later, De Soto died after sustaining injuries during battle and his men never found cities of gold. Half of his army died during the expedition.

21. The First FiveSeptember 12, 2013 • Write the Agenda Message Today’s Warm-up: 3-2-1 Response • What were the 3reasons for exploration to the North America (3Gs)? • What were 2 ways that the Renaissance Period encouraged European exploration? • What is 1 reason why business owners wanted to find a shortcut to Asia?

22. The First FiveSeptember 13, 2013 • Write the Agenda Message: Unit 3 Quiz = Thursday • Today’s Warm-up: • Take out your homework response • Be prepared to share it with your classmates • Unit 3 Pop Quiz

23. The First FiveSeptember 16, 2013Write the Agenda Message: Unit 3 Quiz = ThursdayToday’s Warm-up: • Why did Hernando De Soto explore Georgia in 1540? • He was attracted by rumors of large gold deposits. • He wanted to built forts and missions in the state. • He was searching for the “Fountain of Youth.” • He believed that he would find a water route to Asia. 2. How did De Soto’s march through Georgia change the lives and culture of Native Americans? • Converted Native Americans to Catholicism. • Introduce new foods to the Native Americans. • Resulted in the death of thousands of Native Americans through violence and disease. • Set up trading opportunities for Native Americans.

24. Spanish Missions in Georgia • Spain built missions, churches, with small communities around them. • They were built along the Atlantic coast in an attempt to bring Christianity to the Indians. • Also, the missions helped to keep French explorers and army off the coast. • 1566-Pedro Menéndez de Avilésstarted a mission on St. Catherine’s Island called the GualeMission. • Spain controlled the coast and southern part of Georgia for 100+ years with missions and military posts. • By 1700, Spain controlled much of the Americas (South America, Central America, and Mexico).

25. Pedro Menéndez de Avilés created this mission

26. Ticket Out the Door Comprehension Check Questions • What are the 3Gs of Exploration and what was the purpose for each “G”? (2) What was Hernando De Soto searching for in the southeastern area of North America? (3) De Soto’s army became famous for being the 1st Europeans to cross the _____________ in North America. (4) What was the purpose of Spanish missions?