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Space Exploration by United States of America

Space Exploration by United States of America. PRESENTED BY Rajkiya Pratibha Vikas Vidyalaya (RPVV), LINK ROAD NEW DELHI Principal –Mrs. Usha Rani. TEACHER GUIDE Mrs. MANISHI VERMA. PREPARED BY. MOHIT CHOPRA MRINALINI Standard IX A. INSPIRING THE WORLD.

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Space Exploration by United States of America

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  1. Space ExplorationbyUnited States of America

  2. PRESENTED BYRajkiya Pratibha Vikas Vidyalaya (RPVV),LINK ROAD NEW DELHIPrincipal –Mrs. Usha Rani

  3. TEACHER GUIDE Mrs. MANISHI VERMA PREPARED BY MOHIT CHOPRA MRINALINI Standard IX A

  4. INSPIRING THE WORLD • Statue of Liberty in United States has been inspiring the world to know the unknown • USA has lead the world in exploration of space and has inspired many across the globe to see wonders of science

  5. UNITED STATES OF AMERICAAND THE SPACE

  6. John F. Kennedy35th president of US -A Dream Come True In 1961, JF Kennedy called US to commit itself to "landing a man on the moon and returning him safely to the earth" before the 1960's ended. This goal was intended to show the superiority of US science & leadership.

  7. SPACE EXPLORATION DAWN OF SPACE AGE

  8. Human curiosity about the earth, the moon, the planets, the sun and other stars lead to Space exploration Man has visited the moon and has also lived in space for long periods. Space exploration has revealed whether life exists beyond our own world. USA has lead the world to discover life beyond earth

  9. NASA Headquarters USA

  10. FORMATION OF NASA In 1958, a civilian space agency called the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) was established for Organizing and managing space activities. Its goals include improving human understanding of the universe, the solar system, and Earth and establishing a permanent human presence in space.

  11. Dreamer - Johannes Kepler • As people began to dream of flying above the earth's surface, they realized that objects in the sky could become destinations for human travellers. • In the early 1600's, the German astronomer and mathematician Johannes Kepler became the first scientist to describe travel to other worlds. He also developed the laws of planetary motion that explain the orbits of bodies in space.

  12. VISITING THE MOON 1969 … July 20 two US astronauts Neil A. Armstrong & Edwin E. Aldrin, Jr.,made first manned lunar landing

  13. FLYING FREE IN SPACE

  14. Visiting the Moon The first manned voyage to the moon began on Dec. 21, 1968, when the United States launched the Apollo 8 spacecraft. It orbited the moon 10 times and returned safely to the earth. United States astronauts made five more landings on the moon before the Apollo lunar programme ended in 1972.

  15. U.S. astronauts Neil A. Armstrong, who took this picture, and Edwin E. Aldrin, Jr., seen here next to a seismograph. A television camera and a United States flag are in the background.

  16. After splashdown, three balloons erected Apollo 11 spacecraft in the water, and an orange collar helped keep it afloat.

  17. TWO STAGE ROCKET • A two-stage rocket carries a propellant and one or more rocket engines in each stage. • The first stage launches the rocket. After burning its supply of propellant, the first stage falls away from the rest of the rocket. • The second stage then ignites and carries the payload into earth orbit or even farther.

  18. The Apollo spacecraft, carried three astronauts in its command module into orbit around the moon. Two of them then boarded the lunar module, which separated from the command/ service module and descended to the surface.

  19. The vehicles shown here helped the US and Soviet Union achieve milestones in exploration of space. • The US no longer builds these rockets, but Russia continues to use the Soviet A Class design in the Soyuz rocket.

  20. INSIDE THE COCKPIT

  21. A mission control facility on the earth supervises the activities of astronauts in space. • From centre, flight directors communicate with astronauts

  22. COMMUNICATION IN SPACE The astronauts and mission controllers can talk to each other by radio. Television pictures can travel between space vehicles and the earth. Computers, sensors, and other equipment continuously send signals to the earth for monitoring. Facsimile machines on spacecraft also can receive information from the earth.

  23. HOW IT BEGAN…………. In 1966, US sent five probes called Lunar Orbiters to photograph the moon's surface. The Lunar Orbiters revealed the existence of irregular "bumps" of gravity in the moon's gravitational field caused by dense material buried beneath the lunar seas. These areas of tightly packed matter were called mascons, which stood for mass concentrations.

  24. 1975....... (Aug. 20) United States launched the probe Viking 1. This probe, along with a second probe called Viking 2, landed on Mars in 1976 and sent back photos and data. 1977..... (Aug. 20) United States launched the probe Voyager 2, which flew past and photographed Jupiter in 1979, Saturn in 1981, Uranus in 1986, & Neptune in 1989. LANDMARKS

  25. COLUMBIA • 1981............. (April 12) The United States launched the space shuttle Columbia, the first reusable manned spacecraft.

  26. Hubble Space Telescope • Hubble Space Telescope is a reflecting telescope built as an orbiting observatory. • Its main light-gathering mirror measures 240 centimeters in diameter. • The United States space agency, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), administers the telescope.

  27. A HISTORIC DOCKING In 1995, The US space shuttle Atlantis, left, became the first U.S. spacecraft to link up with Russia's space station Mir, right. The station had been in orbit around the earth since 1986.

  28. MARS PATHFINDER Launched by NASA landed on Mars in 1997......... (July 4) It put a small roving robot on the planet's surface, designed to send back pictures and data on Martian weather, rocks & soil.

  29. ASTRONAUT AT WORK

  30. INDIA- US & Space missions • Kalpana Chawla was not only a member of the NASA family, but an icon which marks presence of India in US space mission. • We all miss her and her many contributions to the agency."

  31. REMEMBRING COLUMBIA STS-107

  32. NASA LAUNCHES MESSENGER TO MERCURY • THE BOEING DELTA II ROCKET LIFTS OFF WITH THE MESSENGER SPACECRAFT ON TOP. • SPACE CRAFT TO TRAVEL EIGHT BILLION Km IN OVER 6 YEARS. • IT WILL FLY PAST VENUS TWICE.

  33. QUEST The thirst for knowledge and desire to explore continues

  34. References • World Book 1999 • www.nasa.gov • www.worldscientist.com • Britannica world book • www.nasm.si.edu • www.isset.org • www.spaceprogramme.com • www.wn.com

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