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Capture of John Balliol - Edward's Control of Scotland

Detailed account of the capture and imprisonment of King John Balliol by Edward I of England in 1296, and the subsequent measures taken to establish English control over Scotland.

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Capture of John Balliol - Edward's Control of Scotland

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  1. Capture of John Balliol 1296 Whilst Edward was invading Scotland King John had fled to Aberdeen At Perth Edward received letters of submission from King John Banff Elgin Aberdeen Montrose Perth 8 July Balliol surrendered in person at Montrose Stirling Edinburgh Dunbar Berwick

  2. Toom Tabard Edward held a ceremony in which he: • Renounced the treaty made with France • Ripped Balliol’s royal crest from his jacket and threw it on the floor • Toom Tabard – Empty Coat • Removed Balliol’s crown • Broke Balliol’s seal of office Balliol was then imprisoned in the Tower of London

  3. What eventually became of Balliol • After a request from the Pope he was sent to France in 1299 • 1301 he was released to live on his land in France • Many Scots hoped he would return to Scotland • However, he died in France in 1313

  4. Edward takes control of Scotland With Balliol in prison Robert Bruce asked Edward to make him King of Scots Edward replied Have we nothing else to do but win Kingdoms for you

  5. Edward takes control of Scotland Edward did 4 things to show he controlled Scotland 1. Ragman Roll 2000 important Scots were made to sign an oath of loyalty to Edward

  6. Edward takes control of Scotland 2. Important Scots documents taken to England so Edward could rule Scotland

  7. Edward takes control of Scotland 3. Symbols of Scottish Nationhood were taken to England 1) Stone of Destiny Taken to Westminster Abbey 2) Holyrood of St Margaret Taken to Westminster Abbey

  8. Edward takes control of Scotland 4. English officials appointed to control Scotland John de Warenne, Earl of Surrey – ‘Keeper of Scotland’ Hugh Cressingham – Treasurer (controlled finances) Sir Walter of Amersham – Chancellor Sir William Ormesby – Chief Justice

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