2005 Annual U.S./Europe International Aviation Safety Conference

1. 2005 Annual U.S./EuropeInternational Aviation Safety Conference Improving Aviation Safety: The need for a multilateral approach Paul Lamy International Civil Aviation Organization

2. Contents • Where do we stand? • What ICAO does • Conclusions International Civil Aviation Organization

3. 188 States Pilot licenses Aircraft AOC Top 10 States 70% 82% 40% Top 50 States 97% 97% 84% Other 138 States 3% 3% 16% What we see At State level • A wide variation in the level of aviation activities among the 188 ICAO Contracting States Source: ICAO Safety Oversight Audit Data - Level of activities based on contribution International Civil Aviation Organization

4. What we see At State level • A wide variation in the level of aviation activities • A wide variation in the oversight capability as demonstrated by the ICAO Universal Safety Oversight Audit Programme • 181 States audited • 162 Follow-up audits International Civil Aviation Organization

5. Safety oversight - critical elements • Primary aviation legislation • Specific operating regulations • Civil aviation system and safety oversight functions • Technical personnel qualification and training • Technical guidance, tools and the provision of safety-critical information • Licensing, certification, authorizations and/or approval obligations • Surveillance obligations • Resolution of safety concerns International Civil Aviation Organization

6. Primary Aviation Legislation Specific Operating Regulation CAA Structure and Safety Oversight Functions Technical Guidance Material Qualified Technical Personnel Licensing and Certification Obligations Continued Surveillance Obligations Resolution of Safety Issues Total Lack of Effective Implementation International Civil Aviation Organization

7. Safety Oversight: Facing Reality • The lesson from USOAP • Audit results show a positive trend globally but still give reasons for concern • Many States have been unable to improve despite their best efforts • Some States are acting beyond their oversight capabilities and some operators are taking advantage of this situation • Mutual trust and recognition incomplete International Civil Aviation Organization

8. What we see The end result • A wide variation in the level of accidents worldwide International Civil Aviation Organization

9. Distribution of Fatal Accidents (Scheduled Operations) International Civil Aviation Organization

10. Average Accident Rate by Region International Civil Aviation Organization

11. Average Accident Rate by RegionWestern-built transport hull loss accidents, by airline domicile, 1994 through 2004 Europe 0.7 C.I.S.1 JAA - 0.6 Non JAA – 1.2 United States and Canada 0.4 China 0.5 Middle East 2.41 Asia 1.7 (Excluding China) Africa 11.7 Latin America and Caribbean 2.5 Oceania 0.0 World 0.73 Accidents per million departures 1Insufficient fleet experience to generate reliable rate. Source: Boeing 3-22-05 REG-106 International Civil Aviation Organization

12. Flight Safety: Facing Reality • The level of flight safety is far from being satisfactory in some parts of the world; • The nature of accidents is often different • Hard to avoid accident vs. easily avoidable accident • East Timor IL 76 and Cotonou B727 accidents vs. recent major accidents in North America and Europe • Implementation of existing rules would substantively reduce the rate of accidents in these parts of the world International Civil Aviation Organization

13. What we do The ICAO comprehensive safety oversight audit • New phase including all Annexes other that Annexes 9 and 17, has started Unified Strategy • Adopted by the 35th Assembly in 2004 • Main elements: • Enhancement of Safety Oversight Performance • Transparency and Increased Disclosure International Civil Aviation Organization

14. Unified Strategy Enhancement of Safety Oversight Performance • ICAO’s shift of priority from Standard making to implementation • Foster partnership; and • Promote regional safety oversight organizations • EASA type • ACSA type • COSCAP International Civil Aviation Organization

15. Regional Initiatives Stand-Alone Organizations Full functional Established COSCAPs Full functional Established To be Established Other Regional Initiatives Established

16. Unified Strategy Transparency and Increased Disclosure • Promote exchange of safety information between States • ICAO to facilitate sharing of information • ICAO held information • Full disclosure of Audit Reports to all Contracting States • Audit Findings and Differences Database • ADREP to be available on-line International Civil Aviation Organization

17. Unified Strategy Transparency and Increased Disclosure (cont’d) • Use of Article 54j) of the Convention • The Council shall… (j) Report to Contracting States any infraction of this Convention, as well as any failure to carry out recommendations or determinations of the Council; • It will only be aimed at States that have an unsatisfactory safety oversight capabilityandthat are engaging in activities that are clearly inconsistent with their level of safety oversight. • The Council should approve the procedure before the end of June • Use of Article 21 of the Convention on aircraft registration and ownership International Civil Aviation Organization

18. Conclusions We collectively own the world safety record and it is important that we all have a coherent multilateral approach to safety • ICAO, through its Safety Oversight Audit Programme and Unified Strategy, provides: • means and support to States that are trying to improve their safety oversight performance • reliable data on the level of oversight in States International Civil Aviation Organization

19. Conclusions • But it is up to States to act: • Support of the weakest States that are willing to improve their safety oversight performance • Use of ICAO safety data • for safety purposes only • In a coherent and consistent way among States International Civil Aviation Organization

20. 2005 Annual U.S./EuropeInternational Aviation Safety Conference E N D International Civil Aviation Organization