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World Religions

This introduction provides a brief overview of major world religions, including their origins, beliefs, and sacred texts. It covers Judaism, Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism, Confucianism, and more.

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World Religions

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  1. World Religions

  2. Introduction • All world religions do the following: • Set down basic ______________ principals • Use _______________writings • Offer a message that appeals to __________groups of people

  3. Introduction • Location: • J_________, C______________, and I_____________ arose in the ___________________ • H_______________andB____________arose in I______. • C________________developed in C____________

  4. Introduction • Belief in God(s) • M______________– The belief in one god. - Judaism was the first religion to use the concept of monotheism • P___________________– The worship of multiple gods

  5. Monotheism • Judaism, Islam, Christianity • Belief in one all-powerful god • Belief in P________________– people who reveal the word of god • A_____________________is an important prophet to all three of these religions – Father of Judaism

  6. Judaism • Decedents of Abraham were known as I______________(also known as H________________). • The first 5 books of the Hebrew Bible is known as the T________. Judaism's most sacred text.

  7. Judaism • According to scripture (ATS) – God revealed his laws to M______________written on stone tablets. • Link • Israelites settled in C____________– their “Promise land” on the east edge of the Mediterranean Sea

  8. Judaism • David made J_________________the capital of the Jewish Kingdom. • His son S_________________built the Temple in Jerusalem. This is the most holy place in Judaism • When Solomon died, Israel separated into two kingdoms (I___________ and J_____________)

  9. Judaism • Israel was conquered by the Assyrians in 722 BCE • Judah (and the capital city of Jerusalem) fell to the B____________________ 586 B.C.E. • This began the Jewish D_______________ • Diaspora – Removal or fleeing of one group of people (Jews)

  10. Jewish Teachings • 10 Commandments • 1st Commandment – Reminds Jews to worship only one God - Monotheism • Set aside a holy day – Sabbath • Honor your Father and Mother • Other commandments forbid lying, stealing and murdering • Consider the kind of person you become if you abide by these • Judaism also stresses equality and social justice

  11. Jewish Teachings • With no homeland following the Diaspora, Jews had to find ways to maintain their religion • P_____________________together in synagogues • Observing the S________________ • Studying the T_________________ • Judaism has spread around the world.

  12. Christianity • Christianity developed in what the Romans called J_____________. (formerly part of the ancient kingdom of Israel) • First Christians were Jews who maintained many Jewish beliefs • Christianity soon developed its own D_________________ and a much larger following.

  13. Christianity • Origin • Lies in the life of J_________– Considered by Christians to be the ____________________ • The story of Jesus is contained in the N_________________________ • Jesus was born in 6 B.C.E. in Judea and was a Jewish teacher.

  14. Christianity • Jesus • At age 30 he began teaching the word of God. • God is merciful and loving • Love your N___________________ • People can be forgiven of their sins

  15. Christianity • Jesus • The Christian Bible says that Jesus healed the sick and performed M_________________ • He gained many followers • 12 special followers are known as the A_____________________. • They were given the task of spreading Jesus’ message

  16. Christianity • People started calling Jesus the M_____________________. • The Romans thought that Jesus might raise a rebellion so they charged him and C_____________________ him • Christians believe that Jesus was raised from the dead three days later… this is known as the R_________________________.

  17. Christianity • Beliefs – • Christians believe that Jesus was the holy savior • If people believe in him, they will go to H__________________ • Eventually Christianity became the official religion of the R_____________ E_________________ • This allowed the Roman Catholic Church to gain power.

  18. Christianity • Sacred Text • The ____________is the Christian holy book • 2 parts – _________________ and _______________________ • The 4 G_______________contain the telling of Jesus’ life

  19. Christianity • The T_____________– God, Jesus, and Holy Spirit • God – Father and creator of the universe • Jesus – Son of God • H_______________– God’s presence and power on Earth

  20. Christianity • Salvation – • People who believe in Jesus can be granted eternal life in heaven – Called S________________________________ • Salvation is granted through God’s grace.

  21. Christianity • Practice • Going to C_______________ on Sunday • Follow the M_______________teachings of the church • Observing customs and rituals • S_________________ such as B___________, H___________________ • Holidays – C___________ and E______

  22. Christianity • Spread/Diffusion • Christianity is the __________________ practiced religion in the world • ___ Billion followers (of 7.2 billion people) • Most people converted by choice • Some were forced to convert • C________________– Christian v. Muslim fight for control of Jerusalem

  23. Christianity • Impact • Christian ethics have influenced _____ in many countries • Christian C____________has helped poor and suffering people across the globe. • Influences G__________________and politics

  24. Islam • Origins • Middle East around _____ C.E. (After Judaism and Christianity) • Taught by M_______________ who was born in M________________ • There is a shrine in the heart of Mecca called the K___________ Link • According to Islamic teaching, in 610 C.E. The word of God was revealed to Muhammad by an A___________.

  25. Islam • Origins • The Angel told him that he had been chosen as a messenger for A________. • He began to tell Arabs to worship the one true God, Allah. • The word Islam means “S___________” • Followers of Islam are called Muslims “Those who submit to God”

  26. Islam • Origins • Early Muslims were persecuted. • In 622 C.E. Muhammad and his followers left Mecca for M____________ • In 630 C.E. Muhammad and his followers took Mecca back • In _____ C.E. Muhammad died. • By 750 C.E. Islam had become a major religion.

  27. Islam • Beliefs • Recognize Jewish and Christian prophets such as M__________, A__________, and J________ (Jesus is not the son of God) • Regard Muhammad as the last great prophet. • The Q___________ is the word of God revealed to Muhammad

  28. Islam • Beliefs • Revere the S_________(The example Muhammad set how Muslims should live) • These examples are recorded in the H___________

  29. Islam • Beliefs • ______________________________ • ________________________________ – There is no God but God and Muhammad is his prophet” • _______________________– 5 times a day • __________________ – Sharing of riches with poor • ____________________– Encourage self control • _____________________ to Mecca

  30. Islam • Spread of Islam • Spread throughout Asia and Africa • Tried to convert people, especially in areas that subscribed to P_____________ • Have waged war to convert Christians and Jews • With over _________________ followers, Islam is the world’s ________ largest religion.

  31. Islam • Way of life • Islam is more than a religion. • It is a way of life. • Affects culture, society, and politics in Muslim lands. • Shari’ah law based on the Quran guides all aspects of life • ______________________ • ______________________ • ______________________ • ______________________ • ______________________

  32. Hinduism & Buddhism • Origins • Both founded in __________ • Common roots in the _________ (a collection of hymns, poems, and prayers written in ________________)

  33. Hinduism • Origins • Based on the Vedas • Known as a ___________ religion • Vedic teaching incorporates 4 main social _______________ • __________________ – The top class made up of priests • _______________ – Rulers and warriors • _______________ – Herders and merchants • _______________ – servants, and laborers

  34. Hinduism • _____________system • The division of people into social classes • Today there are thousands of groups within the main 4 groups.

  35. Hinduism • Practice • _________________ is important • Used to gain a _____________ religious experience • Brought a new set of texts known as the _____________ (very important today) • One of the main texts of the Hindus

  36. Hinduism • Beliefs • Has a set of basic elements but not a strict set of practices • ______________ – Belief multiple gods • Each god controls a different aspect of the _________________ • People may devote themselves to one of these gods.

  37. Hinduism • Beliefs • Hindus may believe that all of these gods are a part of one great force called _____________________. • The __________ of __________ is to ____________ their soul with Brahman.

  38. Hinduism • Beliefs • Hindus believe that time moves in a ______________ . • This leads to __________________ • When you die, your soul is ______________ into a different body.

  39. Hinduism • Beliefs • _______________ – Stands for law, duty, and obligation. • A person’s Dharma reflects their ________ in Indian society • People live honorable by observing social values like _________________ and _______________

  40. Hinduism • Beliefs • ____________– refers to a persons actions and the consequences of their actions • If you live properly you will have good Karma and be reborn into a _____________ caste. • If you fail to live a proper life you will have bad Karma and be reborn into a _________ caste

  41. Buddhism • Origins • Arose from the teachings of ____________________ 563-483 B.C.E. • He became the ___________ or “_____________ ______________” • He lived a privileged life in the ruling family. At age 29 he went outside the palace and saw suffering. • He then left the palace and wondered across India searching for “__________________________”

  42. Buddhism • Origins • Siddhartha Guatama • Tried to achieve a higher consciousness through meditation and by giving up worldly pleasures (ascetic practice). One night he sat under a tree and meditated. He did this for days. One night he reached a new level of consciousness where he saw his past lives and the effects of karma. He shed his desires and became enlightened. Continued next slide …

  43. Buddhism • Origins • Siddhartha Guatama • By morning he had reached ________________ (a state of happiness and peace). He had become the Buddha.

  44. Buddhism • Beliefs • The __________________________ – core of Buddhism • __________________ is present in all things and nothing lasts forever. • Death, suffering and loss are inevitable. Ignoring it leads to more suffering. • Offer __________________ to those who suffer

  45. Buddhism • Beliefs • The Four Noble Truths – core of Buddhism • The cause of suffering is _____________ • Pleasure, power, and desire cause suffering • _____________________________________ _____________________________________ • The way to remove desire is the _____________________ (Eight guidelines)

  46. Buddhism • Eightfold Path • Right _________________________ – Deeply understand the Four Noble Truths • Right ___________________ – Live a life of selflessness, love, and nonviolence • Right ____________________ – Be careful and truthful in what you say • Right ____________ – Do not kill, steal, or hurt others

  47. Buddhism • Eightfold Path • Right ____________________ – Earn a living in ways that do not harm • Right ________________ – Promote good actions and prevent evil actions • Right ______________ – Be aware of, but not attached to your emotions, thoughts, and feelings. • Right ____________________ – Focus your mind with practice such as meditation

  48. Buddhism • At the heart of Buddhism is that _______________________. • Pleasure does not last and one suffers when it is gone. • The Eightfold Path offers a way to end suffering and find peace

  49. Buddhism • Spread of Buddhism • Became more popular with the Emperor ________________. • Hinduism is the main religion in India. However Buddhism spread to Southeast Asia, Central Asia, and China. • Today, Buddhism is the world’s _____ largest religion.

  50. Confucianism • Spread of Confucianism • Confucianism is more a way of life than a religion • Became an official religion in ____________

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