Los complementos en español

1. Los complementos en español Indirectos y directos

2. Some grammar terms (yay!) • Verb – the action in a sentence Ex. run, speak, drive, jump, think, etc. • Subject – that which performs the action in a sentence Ex. I run, You speak, He drives, We jump, They think

3. Some grammar terms (yay!) • Noun – a person, place, or thing Ex. Julia, we, city, ball, lunch, etc. • Adjective – a word that describes a noun Ex. happy, red, excited, tired, fantastic, etc. • Pronoun – a word that takes the place of a noun Ex. he, she, it, they, we, etc.

4. Some grammar terms (yay!) • Direct object – that which receives the action of the verb directly; that which is acted upon Ex. I throw the ball. • Indirect object –the “to whom” or “for whom” the action of the verb is performed; that which receives the direct object Ex. I throw the ball to you.

5. Sentences in English • All sentences must contain a subject and a verb • Most sentences also contain a direct object • In order for a sentence to have an indirect object, it must also have a direct object

6. Now let’s put it together… • An indirect object pronoun is a word that takes the place of an indirect object. Ex: I threw the ball to Pedro. I threw the ball to him. • Direct object pronouns work the same way. Ex: I threw the ball. I threw it.

7. Wee! Sentence diagramming! • For the following sentences, we will underline the subject, circle the verb, cross out the direct object, and draw a rectangle around the indirect object. • Remember: When looking for an indirect object ask the question “to whom?” or “for whom?” • Ready? Go!

8. Sentence Diagramming I bought the gift for Rosa.

9. Sentence Diagramming We read the book to the kids.

10. Sentence Diagramming The teacher explained the lesson to the students.

11. Sentence Diagramming He gave the flowers to her.

12. Sentence Diagramming Antonio and Luís asked the girls a question.

13. Ahora, en español • Verb – verbo (la acción) • Suject – sujeto (lo que hace la acción) • Noun – nombre/sustantivo (una persona, un lugar, o una cosa) • Adjective – adjetivo (describe un nombre)

14. Ahora, en español • Pronoun – pronombre (sustituye por un nombre) • Direct object – complemento directo (recibe la acción del verbo) • Indirect object – complemento indirecto (“a quien” o “para quien”; recibe el complemento directo)

15. Ahora, en español • Indirect object pronoun (IOP) – Pronombre del complemento indirecto (PCI) • Direct Object Pronoun (DOP) – Pronombre del complemento directo (PCD)

16. Los pronombres de los complementos indirectos

17. Los pronomobres de los complementos indirectos • In Spanish, the indirect object pronouns are: me (to/for) me te (to/for) you le (to/for) him/her/you nos (to/for) us os (to/for) you les (to/for) them/you

18. Los pronomobres de los complementos indirectos • Indirect object pronouns in Spanish either take the place of the indirect object OR accompany it.

19. Los pronomobres de los complementos indirectos • Indirect object pronouns can go 2 places: • 1) before a verb or verb phrase • 2) attached to an infinitive Ex. 1) Te doy un regalo. / Te voy a dar un regalo. 2) Voy a darte un regalo.

20. Practiquemos Llena (fill in) el espacio con el pronombre del complemento indirecto. • _______ cantábamos Feliz cumpleaños a nuestro abuelo. • Yo _______ regalaba cada año a ti. • Uds. _______ entregan los papeles a mi. • Ellos _______ cuentan el chiste a Uds. • Luisa _______ explica el problema a nosotros. Le te me les nos

21. Pratiquemos • Underline the subject, circle the verb, cross out the direct object, draw a rectangle around the indirect object, and put a star over the indirect object pronoun.

22. Pratiquemos Mi hermana le lee el libro a mi primo.

23. Practiquemos El novio de Inés siempre le compraba las flores para ella.

24. Practiquemos Mi mamá nos cocinó unas galletas (para nosotros).

25. Una cosa importante… • Notice that in Spanish, we MUST use the IOP if there is an indirect object. For le and les, we must also clarify who exactly the indirect object is since they are ambiguous. Ex. Mi tío contaba chistes a nosotros. Mi tío nos contaba chistes a nosotros.

26. Practiquemos For the next slides, you will see a picture. Choose the sentence that best describes the picture.

27. Practiquemos • La mujer le da el ensayo al hombre. b) El hombre le da el ensayo a la mujer.

28. Practiquemos • Le dan los regalos. b) Les da los regalos.

29. Practiquemos a) Le sirven el té. b) Les sirve el té.

30. Practiquemos Try changing these sentences from English to Spanish.

31. Practiquemos I throw the ball to him. Le tiro la pelota.

32. Practiquemos She shows the sign to us. Ella nos muestra el letrero.

33. Practiquemos We tell you the joke. Te contamos el chiste.

34. Practiquemos Now make up your own sentence based on the pictures. You might recongnize some of these people…

38. y yo

39. Los pronombres de los complementos directos

40. Los complementos directos • Un complemento directo (direct object) receives the action of the verb. Ex. I throw the ball. The ball is what is being thrown; it receives the action.

41. Los pronombres de los complementos directos • The direct object pronouns in Spanish are: me me te you lo/la him/her/it/you nos us os you los/las them/you

42. Los pronombres de los complementos directos • In Spanish, los pronombres de los complementos directos are used to REPLACE the complemento directo (direct object).

43. Los pronombres de los complementos directos • DOPs can go 2 places: • 1) before a verb or verb phrase • 2) attached to an infinitive Ex. 1) La voy a cantar. 2) Voy a cantarla.

44. Practiquemos Change the direct object in the sentence to a direct object pronoun.

45. Practiquemos I read the book. I read it.

46. Practiquemos You ate the sandwich. You ate it.

47. Practiquemos We took Julia to the mall. We took her to the mall.

48. Practiquemos They explained the directions to us. They explained them to us.

49. Practiquemos Ahora, en español.

50. Practiquemos Tengo la pluma. La tengo.