Kidney Disease

1. Kidney Disease The kidneys are two bean-shaped organs, each about the size of a fist. They are located just below the rib cage, lying to the sides of the upper part of the tummy (abdomen), behind the intestines, and one on each side of the spine. Renal artery takes blood to each kidney. The artery divides into many tiny blood vessels (capillaries) throughout the kidney. Each kidney is made up of about a million filtering units called nephrons. Each nephron filters a small amount of blood. The nephron includes a filter, called the glomerulus (tiny blood vessels cluster in the outer part of the kidneys together to form this structure), and a tubule. The kidneys filter extra water and wastes out of your blood to make urine. Every day, the two kidneys filter about 120 to 150 quarts of blood to produce about 1 to 2 quarts of urine. The kidneys are powerful chemical factories that perform the following functions: Remove waste products from the body. Remove drugs from the body. Balance the body's fluids - help keeping various salts and chemicals in the blood at the right level. Control blood pressure - partly by the amount of water passed out of the body as urine and partly by making hormones which are involved in blood pressure control. Produce an active form of vitamin D that promotes strong, healthy bones. Control the production of red blood cells - make a hormone called erythropoietin ('epo') which stimulates the bone marrow to make red blood cells. This is needed to prevent anaemia.      

2. Kidney disease means that the kidneys are damaged and can't filter blood like they should. This damage can cause wastes to build up in the body. It can also cause other problems that harm your health. Kidney disease is a growing problem. Anyone can develop kidney disease, regardless of age or race. Diabetes and high blood pressure are the most common risk factors for developing kidney disease. These conditions can slowly damage the kidneys over many years. Types and Diagnosis Chronic kidney disease (CKD) - a long-term condition where the kidneys don't work as well as they should, which can be caused by high blood pressure, diabetes, high cholesterol, kidney infections, glomerulonephritis, polycystic kidney disease, blockages in the flow of urine, and long-term, regular use of certain medicines. Acute kidney injury (AKI) - a sudden episode of kidney failure or kidney damage that happens within a few hours or a few days. AKI causes a build-up of waste products in your blood and makes it hard for your kidneys to keep the right balance of fluid in your body. AKI can also affect other organs such as the

3. brain, heart, and lungs. It's usually caused by decreased blood flow, direct damage to the kidneys and blockage of the urinary tract. Kidney failure - occurs when the kidneys lose the ability to filter waste from the blood sufficiently. Kidney failure usually suffers from causes of: loss of blood flow to the kidneys, urine elimination problems, infection, glomerulonephritis, scleroderma, hemolytic uremic syndrome, drugs and alcohol, certain antibiotics, chemotherapy drugs, etc. Early kidney disease has no signs or symptoms. You may not feel any different until your kidney disease is very advanced. Blood and urine tests are the only way to know if you have kidney disease: 1. A blood test checks your glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which tells how well your kidneys are filtering. 2. A urine test checks for albumin in your urine. Albumin is a protein that can pass into the urine when the kidneys are damaged. Creative Biolabs offers an extensive range of IVD antibodies to the biomarkers of the most common kidney related diseases, including acute kidney injury, renal fibrosis, renal hypoxia, renal parenchymal injury, bartter syndrome type 1, and others. Other Diseases Can Be Diagnosed Liver Disease Metabolic Disease Plasma Cell Disorder Neuroscience Gynecological Disease Inflammatory