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THE SPREAD OF THE PROTESTANT REFORMATION

THE SPREAD OF THE PROTESTANT REFORMATION. “Anabaptists” rejected all existing churches by rejecting infant baptism (an early execution in the Netherlands in 1524): Radical sects included the Hutterites, Mennonites, & Unitarians.

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THE SPREAD OF THE PROTESTANT REFORMATION

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  1. THE SPREAD OF THE PROTESTANT REFORMATION

  2. “Anabaptists” rejected all existing churches by rejecting infant baptism (an early execution in the Netherlands in 1524):Radical sects included the Hutterites, Mennonites, & Unitarians

  3. 16th-century Hutterite tract, with a happy family that shares all property like the apostles of old Satirical pamphlet: “The Hutterite Anabaptist Dove-Cote”

  4. Thomas Müntzer(1489-1525) 1517: Quarreled with Luther 1520/21: Pastor of Zwickau; banished after rejecting infant baptism 1524/25: Becomes advisor to peasant rebels, argues for the equal distribution of wealth and the creation of a heavenly kingdom

  5. A Knight, captured by Bundschuh rebels in 1524

  6. The German Peasants’ War of 1525:Luther was horrified when revolting peasants wrote his slogans on their banners, and the Evangelical preacher Thomas Muentzer joined their army

  7. A peasant army plunders a monastery in southern Germany, 1525: Luther sought to reason with them but soon invited the princes to slay these mad dogs

  8. The mainstream Reformation: “Protestants” read their new “Augsburg Confession” to Charles V at the Diet of 1530

  9. Jan of Leyden, King of the “New Jerusalem” in Münster, 1534/35

  10. The siege of the Anabaptist Kingdom, Münster, 1534/35

  11. England’s King Henry VIII (reigned 1509-47) badly wanted to divorce Catherine of Aragon and appropriate the monasteries

  12. Sir Thomas More(1478-1535) • Close friend of Erasmus. • Published Utopia in 1516. • Rose to become Chancellor of England. • Executed for refusing to approve Henry’s divorce.

  13. Charles V conquered Saxony & Hessen inThe War of the League of Schmal-kalden,1546/47, but they remained Lutheran.

  14. THE HABSBURG LANDS IN 1555

  15. Allegory on the Abdication of Emperor Charles V in 1555—His brother Ferdinand gets Austria; his son Philip II, Spain

  16. TERMS OF THE PEACE OF AUGSBURG, 1555,between Emperor Ferdinand and the League of Schmalkalden • “In order to bring peace to the Holy Roman Empire of the Germanic Nation, let neither his Imperial Majesty nor the Electors, Princes, etc., do any violence or harm to any estate of the empire on the account of the Augsburg Confession…” • “Likewise the Estates espousing the Augsburg Confession shall let all the Estates and Princes who cling to the old religion live in absolute peace…” • “However, all such as do not belong to the two above named religions shall not be included in the present peace but be totally excluded from it.” • [If any ruler of an ecclesiastical territory becomes a Protestant, he must renounce that territory.] • [Any subject who disagrees with the government’s choice of confession has the right to move elsewhere.]

  17. THE CONFESSIONAL PARTITION OF EUROPE BY 1560

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