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India, China and Japan: From the Medieval to the Modern World

India, China and Japan: From the Medieval to the Modern World. The Mughal Empire. Babur (1483-1530), Akbar (1542-1605) India as center of civilization Religious freedom (Islam, Hindu) Urdu language Artistic blend of Hindu, Persian, and Islamic elements. Mughal Art. Visual Arts

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India, China and Japan: From the Medieval to the Modern World

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  1. India, China and Japan:From the Medieval to the Modern World

  2. The Mughal Empire • Babur (1483-1530), Akbar (1542-1605) • India as center of civilization • Religious freedom (Islam, Hindu) • Urdu language • Artistic blend of Hindu, Persian, and Islamic elements

  3. Mughal Art Visual Arts • Book illustrations, miniatures • Secular • Realistic scenes from courtly life • Persian influences • calligraphy

  4. “Akbar and the Elephant” from The History of Akbar

  5. The End of Mughal Rule and the Arrival of the British • British East India Trading Company • India as “Jewel in the Crown” of Britain • Controlled by British government by 1849

  6. The Rise of Nationalism • India’s National Congress Party • Activism for self-rule • Mohandas Gandhi (1869-1948) • Satyagraha: non-violent civil disobedience

  7. Chinese Culture Under Imperial Rule • Centralized government (1368-1911) • Relatively untouched by Western influence until the 17th century • Incredible population growth • Poverty, political unrest, and, ultimately, revolution

  8. The Arts Under the Ming Dynasty • Political, economic stability • Cultural enrichment • Confucianism • New literary genres • Hua-Pen • Novels • Stage plays

  9. The Arts Under the Ming Dynasty • Landscape paintings • Human form in natural setting • Artistic attitudes • “change within tradition” • No distinctions between major art forms • Painted ceramicware called “China”

  10. 15th century Ming Dynasty painting

  11. A Ming Vase

  12. The Qing Dynasty:China and the Western Powers • Western Trade and Chinese Independence • Opium War (1839-1842) • Internal rebellions weakened government • Tai Ping Rebellion, Boxer Rebellion • Republican Revolution • Sun Yat-sen • Chiang Kai-shek, Mao Tse-tung

  13. The Art and Culture of Japan: • Shintoism • Worship of the spirits of nature • Imperial cult; worship of emperor and his ancestors as divine • Drama • Noh plays in which dancers enact dramatic, often supernatural stories stories with ritual and even slapstick

  14. The Art and Culture of Japan:The Edo Period • Japanese versions of landscapes • Gentler colors, heightened abstraction • Influence of Western art • Peacocks and Peonies (1176) • Woodblock art • Hokusai Katsushika (1760-1849)

  15. A study in the balance of opposites: image and empty space. The empty space mirrors the wave; water and sky are balanced, as in the Chinese yin/yang symbol below

  16. The Art and Culture of Japan:The Edo Period • Basho’s Haiku • Zen Buddhist reflections • Crucial detail of landscapes • Composed of three lines of five syllables, seven syllables, and five syllables

  17. “Humanities 1500: A Haiku” Powerpoint beaming eastern culture’s bright display while students write notes

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