1 / 11

Social Cognition

Social Cognition. Social cognition . Four core processes Select (social information) “Attention” is limited, and different people may focus on different features of the same situation. Interpret (social information)

bernad
Télécharger la présentation

Social Cognition

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Social Cognition

  2. Social cognition • Four core processes • Select (social information) “Attention” is limited, and different people may focus on different features of the same situation. • Interpret (social information) “Interpretation” is the process through which we give meaning to the events we experience • Remember (social information) “Memory” is the process by which we store and retrieve information for future use • Use (social information) “Judgments” are the process of using information to form impressions and make decisions.

  3. Two types of social cognition • Automatic thinking • Controlled thinking • The goals of social cognition • Conserving Mental Effort • Managing Self-Image • Seeking an Accurate Understanding

  4. GOAL: Conserving Mental Effort The world is complex and information-rich Humans have limited cognitive capacity • Simplification Strategies: • Schemas • Cognitive Shortcuts

  5. Simplification strategies • Schemas (scripts of how we act in the situation) • Self-fulfilling prophecies (changing the situation based upon your expectations) • Availability heuristic (ease with which something is brought to mind) • Representativeness heuristic (how similar is a typical case) • False-consensus (other people think like me) • Anchoring and adjustment heuristic (start at one point and adjust from there)

  6. What factors influence the use of cognitive shortcuts? • Increased use of cognitive shortcuts… • when we are Physiologically Aroused (e.g., horror movie) • during Phases of our Daily Cycle called circadian rhythms (e.g., “morning people” use cognitive short-cuts later in the day; “evening people” use short-cuts in the morning). • for people High in the Need for Structure, who agree with items like: “I don’t like situations that are uncertain.” • in Complex Situations that use up more attention • when there areTime Pressures because it takes time to fully interpret a social situation

  7. GOAL: Managing self-image Basic desire to avoid mistakes Want to control outcomes in life • Self-image Strategies: • Self-enhancement • Protection of self-image

  8. Goal: Managing self-image • Four core processes • Schemas • Self-fulfilling prophecy • Availability heuristic • Representativeness heuristic • False-consensus • Anchoring and adjustment

  9. GOAL: Seeking accuracy Basic desire to avoid mistakes Want to control outcomes in life • Accuracy Strategies: • Unbiased Information Gathering • Considering Alternatives

  10. Unbiased Information Gathering • Desire for accuracy leads people to pay special attention to new information(that may go against what they previously suspected). • With difficult decisions, it is often helpful to play the Devil’s Advocate – i.e., to consider the opposite side of the argument.

  11. What factors influence goal of seeking accuracy? • Mood - People who are mildly depressed are more thorough when thinking about social events. • Need For Cognition - People high in the need for cognition view thinking as fun, enjoy solving puzzles, and enjoy analyzing arguments. • Unexpected Events - Unexpected outcomes led participants to consider many more explanations. • Social Interdependence - We think carefully about other people when their actions have important implications for us & when we are accountable to others.

More Related