DNA stands for

1. What Is DNA?  DNA stands for _______________ ________________ ________ and is the basic substance of heredity. DNA is a set of ____________ for building your body and controls everything about the way you ____ and ________.

2. WHERE IS THE DNA STORED? The DNA is stored in the _______ of nearly all your cells.

3. (Get it…Watson and Crick? What’s in the creek?) What’s in the creek? • In ____, James ______ and Francis _____ figured out the structure of ___. Their discovery revealed important information about how DNA ________ itself.

4. These scientist won a Nobel Prize in 1962 for work on the DNA’s structure. _________________ was actually the 1st scientist to produce the ________ of DNA , but died before the Nobel Prize was given.

5. The Structure of DNA A DNA ________ looks like a twisted ladder. Because of its shape, a DNA molecule is often called a “_______ _____.” A helix is a shape that ______.

6. The DNA “Double Helix” Molecule *Looks like a twisted ladder *The sides of the ladder are made of _______________ and _____________> *The rungs of the ladder are formed by pairs of ______________. Nitrogen bases are molecules that contain the element _________ and other elements.

7. Within the nucleus of every cell are long ________ of DNA, the ____ that holds all the information needed to ____ and ________ every cell within a living organism.

8. The two sides of the DNA ladder are made up of molecules of a sugar called ______________, alternating with molecules known as _____________________.

9. There are four kinds of nitrogen bases: __________ (ad uh neen), ______________ (thy meen), _________________ (gwah neen), and ______________ (sy tuh seen). The capital letters A, T, G, and C are used to represent the four bases.

10. Nitrogen bases • Adenine always pairs with ____________ and Guanine always pairs with ____________ • Adenine A • Thymine T • Guanine G • Cytosine C • The ___________ _____ is the order of the nitrogen bases and the set of instructions for making a person. • This is known as the HUMAN _____________________

11. The bases on one side of the DNA ladder match up in a specific way with the bases on the other side. Adenine (A) - Thymine (T), Guanine (G) -Cytosine (C) This pairing pattern is the key to understanding how DNA ____________________ occurs.

12. example ATTCGAACGACCTG TAAGCTTGCTGGAC Try your own: GTAACTGGAACTAG

13. DNA Replication A cell makes a copy of its DNA during ___________ before mitosis occurs. DNA replication ensures that each ___________ cell will have all of the _______________ information it needs to carry out its activities.

14. During DNA replication, special _______________ move up along the DNA ladder, _________ the molecule as it moves along.

15. A DNA molecule “unzips” between its paired ______. New bases pair with the base on each strand. As a result, two __________ DNA molecules form.

16. When the enzyme has passed the end of the DNA, two identical molecules of DNA are left behind. Each contains one side of the ________ DNA and one side made of "new" ________________.

17. Nucleotides Units which, when linked to sugar, make up one side of the DNA ______

18. New nucleotides move in and go to each side of the ________ ladder. The bases on these _________________ are very particular about what they connect to.