Weekly Warm Up

1. Weekly Warm Up • T or F: Solubility of solids are affected by pressure. • The solubility of a gas is affected by ___________ AND ________. • The _____ the temperature of the solvent, the ______ the solubility of the gas. • Give an Example. temperature pressure lower higher Cola going flat when hot.

2. Chapter 22: Acids, Bases & SaltsPart 1: Acids & Bases They are everywhere.. In your food In your house EVEN IN YOU!!!!! http://www.helpteaching.com/questions/Acids_and_Bases

3. What is an Acid? sharp sour • It comes from the Latin word acidus that means “_____" or “____". • An acid is a solution that has an excess of ________ ions. ___ HCl  H+ (aq) + Cl- (aq) • The _____ the [H+], the _____ acidic the solution. hydrogen (H+) higher more

4. Properties of an Acid sour electricity Corrosive • Tastes ____ • Conduct ________ • ________, which means they break down certain substances. Many acids can ______ fabric, skin, and paper • Some acids react _______ with metals • Turns bluelitmus paper ____. damage strongly red

5. Types & Uses of Acids • AceticAcid = Vinegar • CitricAcid = Citrus: lemons, limes, & oranges. Candies: lemonhead & sour patch. • HydrochloricAcid = gastric juices • AscorbicAcid = Vitamin C which your body needs to function. • SulfuricAcid = used in the production of fertilizers, steel, paints, plastics, & car batteries. • NitricAcid = fertilizers & explosives (TNT) • CarbonicAcid = carbonated drinks, cave formation, and acid rain

6. What is a Base? (OH-) hydroxide • A base is a solution that has an excess of _________ ions. ____ NaOH in H2O  Na+ (aq) + OH- (aq) • Another word for base is ______. • Many bases are _____ compounds. • Bases are any substances that can _______ hydrogen ions (H+) from acids even if it doesn’t have OH. • Therefore, bases are able to __________ acids. alkali ionic accept neutralize

7. Properties of a Base soapy slippery • Feel _____, _______ • Taste _____, ______ • ________ • Can conduct ________. (Ex: _______ batteries.) • Do not react with ______. • Turns red litmus paper _____. chalky bitter Corrosive electricity Alkaline metals blue

8. Uses of Bases • NaOH-sodiumhydroxide (LYE) soaps, drain cleaner, bleach, paper • Mg (OH)2-magnesium hydroxide - antacids • Al(OH)3-aluminumhydroxide - antacids, deodorants, water purification • NH4OH-ammoniumhydroxide - “ammonia”, household cleaner* • Bases give ______, ________, and many other cleaning products some of their useful properties. • Your _____ is a slightly basic solution. ammonia soaps blood NOTE: NEVER mix Ammoniawith Sodiumhydroxide(bleach). The toxic gas produced damages _____ tissue and can be ______. lung lethal

9. What is pH? hydrogen • pH is an abbreviation for "power of __________" where "p" is short for the German word for power, potenz and H is the element symbol for hydrogen. • It is used to measure how _____ or ______a solution is ______ paper is used as the pH indicator. • It is a logarithmic scale that runs from _______ to ___. • pH scale…each step is ____ times stronger or weaker than the one next to it! • A solution with a pH of 7 is _______. • For example, a pH of 3is 10 times more acidic than a pH of 4and 100 times (10 times 10) more acidic than a pH value of 5. acidic basic litmus zero (0) 14 10 neutral

10. pH Scale neutral Pure water • ____ _____ has a pH of 7. Therefore it is _______. • ______ solutions = pH _____ than 7. • Hydrochloric acid is very acidic. • _____ solutions = pH _______ than 7. • Drain cleaner is very basic. Acidic less Basic greater

11. Compare & Contrast Activity

12. Weekly Warm Up • B represents a(n) ______ solution. • The pH scale is a logarithmic scale that runs from ___ to ___. • A solution with a pH of 2 is ____ times more ______ than a solution with a pH of 5. basic 14 0 1000 acidic

13. Unit Vocabulary ionization • Any process by which electrically neutral atoms or molecules are converted to electrically charged atoms or molecules (aka. ions) is called ________. • Ions capable of conducting an electric current are referred to as __________. • A process in which an ionic compound separates into its positive and negative ions in a solution is describes __________. • ___________isa reaction between acid and base forming a type of ____ and _____. • NaOH + HCl  NaCl + HOH electrolytes dissociation Neutralization salt water

14. Neutralization

15. Forming Solutions Acidic Solution: When an acid interacts with water the H+ ions form _________ ions (H3O+). • This is an example of __________. • The _____ hydronium ions the ________ the acid. hydronium ionization stronger more

16. Forming Solutions • Basic Solution: • NaOH in water  Na+ + OH- • (more hydroxide ions, more basic) • NH3 + H20  NH4+ + OH- • ammonia gas + water yields ammonium and hydroxide ions

17. What is a Buffer? • A buffer is an aqueous solution that has a highly stable pH . If you add acid or base to a buffered solution, its pH will not change significantly.

18. Weekly Warm Up Label as either true (T) or false (F): _____ 1. Acids will not conduct electricity. _____ 2. Bases will conduct electricity. _____ 3. Acids taste bitter. _____ 4. Bases will turn red litmus paper blue. _____ 5. Acids react with some metals to produce hydrogen gas. _____ 6. Acids will turn phenolphthalein (PHTH) indicator pink. _____ 7. An indicator is a substance which changes colors in acids and bases. _____ 8. Acids have a pH greater that 7. _____ 9. Bases feel slippery. _____ 10. The pH of pure water is 7. F T Both conduct electricity. F Sour T T F T F T T