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Indian Ocean Trade

Indian Ocean Trade. Ch. 13 (p. 338 - 343). Monsoon Mariners. After collapse of Mongol Empire (14th century) overland trade routes were disrupted & Indian Ocean assumed greater strategic importance Two major routes of trade: From Middle East across Arabian sea to India

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Indian Ocean Trade

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  1. Indian Ocean Trade Ch. 13 (p. 338 - 343)

  2. Monsoon Mariners • After collapse of Mongol Empire (14th century) overland trade routes were disrupted & Indian Ocean assumed greater strategic importance • Two major routes of trade: • From Middle East across Arabian sea to India • From India across Bay of Bengal to China • Major ships were the dhow (Arabian) & the junk (Chinese)

  3. Dhow

  4. Junk

  5. Major Ports • Kilwa = Trading center on Eastern (Swahili) coast of Africa • Muslims • Exported gold & salt • Great Zimbabwe = Powerful African state that grew rich as trade items passed through it on their way to Kilwa

  6. Kilwa

  7. Great Zimbabwe

  8. Major Ports • Aden = Trading center on Arabian Peninsula • Muslim • Received enough rainfall to support agriculture & large population • Location was ideal for trade • Gujarat = Trading center in western India • Muslim leaders • Rich agricultural hinterland & long coast • Important for manufacturing (leather) as well as commerce

  9. Aden

  10. Gujarat

  11. Major Ports • Malacca = Trading center that connected Indian Ocean & South China Sea • Conversion of a ruler from Hindu to Islam promoted trade • Secure location (alliance w/ China) & low taxes

  12. Malacca

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