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The President and Executive Branch

The President and Executive Branch. Chapter 7. Foreign Policy. Foreign Policy is a nation’s overall plan for dealing with other nations National Security means the ability to keep the country safe from attack or harm National Security is the basic goal of American foreign policy.

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The President and Executive Branch

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  1. The President and Executive Branch Chapter 7

  2. Foreign Policy • Foreign Policyis a nation’s overall plan for dealing with other nations • National Security means the ability to keep the country safe from attack or harm • National Security is the basic goal of American foreign policy Textbook p. 175

  3. 4 Foreign Policy Goals • National Security! • Increase International Trade • Promote World Peace • Promote Democracy around the World Textbook p. 175

  4. 5 Foreign Policy Tools • Create Treaties • Appoint Ambassadors • Direct Foreign Aid • International Trade • Use of Military Force *** The use of military force should be the last resort in the foreign policy process. Textbook pp. 176-178

  5. Treaties • Defined:formal agreements between the governments of two or more countries • Senate must approve a treaty by a 2/3 vote • NATO– North Atlantic Treaty Organization was a key treaty established after WWII

  6. Ambassadors • Defined:an official representative of a government • President appoints ambassadors that must be approved by the Senate • Ambassadors can be withheld from countries to apply political pressure US Ambassador to the United Nations

  7. Foreign Aid • Defined:money, food, military assistance, or other supplies given to help other countries On October 8, 2005, a 7.6 magnitude earthquake rocked the Kashmir section of Pakistan. Over 80,000 people died, and 3.3 million people were left homeless. The United States gave millions of dollars in aid plus deployed medical soldiers to aid in the relief operations. Textbook p. 177

  8. International Trade2 Ways to Punish Other Countries or Apply Political Pressure using Trade • Trade Sanctions~ efforts to punish another nation by imposing trade barriers • Embargo ~ an agreement among a group of nations that prohibits them all from trading with a target nation Textbook p. 177

  9. Military Force • Often the use of the military is considered the last option in the foreign policy process Textbook p. 178

  10. 2LT Tallon on .50 Cal MG

  11. 2LT Tallon with Interpreter and local Iraqi Children

  12. Sunset over the Iraqi Desert

  13. Does the President do it all by himself? NO! He/She has two groups of assistants: The EOP The Cabinet

  14. Are You Down with EOP?…Yeah, You Know Me • EOP – Executive Office of the President • Currently 2,000 employees with a budget of $100 million per year help the President In addition to being his brother, Robert Kennedy served as one of John F. Kennedy’s closest advisors. Textbook pp. 179-180

  15. Most powerful and critical office in the EOP for the President. This White House Office contains the President’s top advisors. The Chief of Staff is the most powerful.

  16. President Trump with his National Security Council in 2017 )

  17. Office of Homeland Security Following the attacks on September 11, 2001, President George W. Bush established the Office of Homeland Security to combat terrorism Here President Trump is with his Homeland Security SecretaryKirstjen Nielsen Secretary of Homeland Security Michael Chertoff

  18. Cabinet • Defined ~ a group of presidential advisers that includes the heads of the 15 top-level executive departments • The Cabinet concept started under George Washington with the Attorney General, Secretaries of State, War, and the Treasury • Cabinet heads must be approved by the Senate • http://www.whitehouse.gov/government/cabinet.html Textbook p. 181

  19. President John F. Kennedy gets some help from his youngest Cabinet member, John F. Kennedy, Jr.

  20. 14 Cabinet Departments + 1(HS) Textbook p. 183

  21. The Federal Bureaucracy Defined ~ the agencies and employees of the executive branch The Federal Bureaucracy does 3 main things: • Applies laws passed by Congress to daily life • Run day-to-day operations of the government • Regulate activities such as broadcasting, banks, airlines, labor unions, nuclear power, and many more

  22. Government Corporations • The government owns and runs these corporations like private businesses • The US Post Office is the most famous of the Government Corporations

  23. Government Employees Two main systems for hiring government employees: • Merit System~ Officials hire people who have passed tests and met other eligibility requirements (Preferred modern method) • Spoils System~ Jobs went to the people that helped get the President or party leaders elected (Regulations against this now exist) Textbook p. 185

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