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FISCAL YEAR 2012 BUDGET OF THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT

FISCAL YEAR 2012 BUDGET OF THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT. SİBEL ASLAN GÜLRÜBA KOÇAK SELİN KAHRAMAN CANSU CEYLAN KARATEPE. MOVING FROM RESCUE TO REBUILDIN G. From the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (the Recovery Act) that boosted macroeconomic demand

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FISCAL YEAR 2012 BUDGET OF THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT

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  1. FISCAL YEAR 2012 BUDGET OF THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT SİBEL ASLAN GÜLRÜBA KOÇAK SELİN KAHRAMAN CANSU CEYLAN KARATEPE

  2. MOVING FROM RESCUE TO REBUILDING From the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (the Recovery Act) that • boosted macroeconomic demand • jump-started economic activity • broke a vicious recessionary cycle to the Administration’s Financial Stability.

  3. MOVING FROM RESCUE TO REBUILDING • Swift and decisive action has turned the tide and the Nation’s economy is recovering. Plan helped that • financial institutions • Markets • Saved the American automobile industry

  4. 1)Bringing the economy back from thebrink • Real gross domestic product (GDP) was dropping at an annual rate of 4.9 percent after falling at an annual rate of 6.8 percent the previous quarter. • Between the third quarter of 2007 and the first quarter of 2009, the real net worth of Americanhouseholds declined by 28 percent.

  5. Bringing the economy back from thebrink • The Recovery Act The White House Council of Economic Advisers (CEA) estimates that the Recovery Act raised the level of GDP as of the third quarter of 2010, relative to what it would have beenabsent intervention, by 2.7 percentage point.

  6. 2)Reviving the financialSystem and Critical Sectors of theEconomy • Troubled Asset Relief Program • The Automobile Industry • The Housing Market

  7. 3) Supporting and ProtectingMiddleclass Families • Health Insurance Reform • Wall Street Reform

  8. 4)Accelerating the Recoveryand JumpStarting Economic Growth • Provide Tax Relief and Incentives for Job Creation • Open Markets Abroad and Boost Exports • Invest in Infrastructure • Pursue Commonsense Regulation

  9. PUTTING THE NATION ON A SUSTAINABLE FISCAL PATH Itmusttake to compete in the global marketplace and have the long-term economic growth to support a growing middle class. 1) Making Tough Choices to RestoreFiscal Discipline • Freeze Non-Security Discretionary Spending for Five Year • Freeze Federal Civilian Worker Pay for Two Years • CutorConsolidatePrograms • Instill New Discipline in DefenseSpending • Provide a Better Return to Taxpayers from Mineral Development

  10. Making Tough Choices to RestoreFiscal Discipline • Eliminate Earmark • Require the Financial Services Industry to Pay Back Taxpayers

  11. 2) Taking on the Long-Term Challengesto Our Fiscal Health • Take Steps Now to Reduce Future Liabilities. • Continue Efforts to Restrain the Growth of Health Costs • Make a Down Payment on Tax Reform • Secure Social Security

  12. 3) Creating a Government That is Effective and Efficieny • Cut Improper Payments by $50 Billion • Dispose of Excess or Under-utilized Federal Property • Reorganize Government • Reduce Administrative Overhead • Save Billions of Dollars in Contracting • Move to Competitive Grant Programs • Based on the Successful Race to the Top • Continue Efforts to Rigorously Evaluate • Program Performance

  13. Creating a Government That isEffective and Efficieny • Reform How Information Technology is Procured and Used • Continue to Drive Progress on Priority Goals

  14. COMPETING AND WINNING IN THE WORLD ECONOMY Educating a CompetitiveWorkforce • Byofferingcompetitivefunding, demandingsignificantreformswithdeepsupport, requiringoutcomes, andmeasuringsuccess, the RTT competitionfosteredmeaningfulchangeeven in Statesthatultimatelydid not win an award. • Inthe 2012 Budget, theAdministrationcontinuesthework of reform not justbydevotingmoreresources, but alsobymaking sure thatfundsareusedto deliver resultsefficientlyandeffectively.

  15. Establish a CompetitiveEarlyLearningChallengeFundtheEarlyEarning • TheBudgetincludes $350 milliontoestablish a new, competitiveEarlyLearningChallengeFund. 1. Prepare 100,000 STEM TeachersOvertheNextDecade • Budgetallocates $100 milliontowardthatgoal. 2. OpentheDoors of CollegetoMoreAmericans • Since 2008, theAdministration has increasedthemaximumPell Grant by $819, ensuringaccesstopostsecondaryeducationforover 9 millionneedystudents.

  16. 3. Bring Competition to and Encourage New Approaches for Job Training • The Budget provides nearly $10 billion for Workforce Investment Act programs.

  17. Investing in AmericanInnovation • IncreaseInvestment in ResearchandDevelopment (R&D) andtheCreation of Transformational Technologies • The 2012 Bud­getdoesthatbyproviding $148 billionfor R&D. 2. BringtheBestMindsTogethertoWork on CriticalCleanEnergyResearch • Thebestproposalswill be funded as newEnergyInnovationHubs. Currently, wehavethreeHubs in place, whichspecialize in fuelsfromsunlight, energyefficientbuildings, andmodelingandsimulationtechnolo­giesfornuclearpower.

  18. 3. BringAbout a CleanEnergyEconomyandCreatetheJobs of theFuture • President’sgoals of cuttinggreenhousegasemissions in therange of 17 percentbelow 2005 levelsby 2020, and 83 percentby 2050. 4. Reform ourTaxCodetoFosterInnovationandCompetitiveness • In an increasinglycompetitive global economy, weneedtoensurethatourcountryremainsthemostattractiveplaceforentrepreneurshipandbusinessgrowth. As a first step toward reform, thePresidentcalls on theCongresstoimmediatelybeginwork on re­form thatwillcloseloopholes, lowertheoverall rate, and not add a dimetothedeficit.

  19. 5. Simplify, Expand, and Make Permanent the Research and Experimentation (R&E) Tax Credit • The United States currently ranks 24th out of 38 countries in the generosity of our R&E tax incentives. 6. Improve the Patent System and Protect Intellectual Property • The surcharge will better align application fees with processing costs. In total, this will provide USPTO with more than $2.7 billion in resources in 2012, or more than 34 percent above 2010 levels.

  20. 7. Establish New Economic Growth Zones • Replacing the Empowerment Zone program, the Growth Zones will include a mix of rural and urban areas that will be selected through a national competi­tion that will judge their competitive strategies and their need and ability to attract investment and growth.

  21. Building a 21st CenturyInfrastructure • Enact a Historic $556 BillionSurfaceTransportationReauthorizationandBetterAllocateThoseDollarstoGetResults • ThePresidentproposes a $556 billion, six-yearsurfacereauthorizationpackage—expandedtoincludeinter-citypassen­gerrailtransportation—which is an increase of morethan 60 percentabovetheinflation-adjust­edlevels in theprevioussix-yearbillplusannualappropriatedfundingforpassengerrailduringthoseyears.

  22. 2. Build a 21st Century Aviation System that Reduces Delays and Improves Safety • The Budget provides $1.24 billion for the Next Gen­eration Air Transportation System, the Federal Aviation Administration’s multi-year effort to improve the efficiency, safety, and capacity of the aviation system. 3. Invest in Smart, Energy-Efficient, and Re­liable Electricity Delivery Infrastructure • The Budget supports the Power Marketing Administration to reliably operate, maintain, and rehabilitate the Federal hydro­power and transmission systems.

  23. 4. Invest in High-PriorityWaterResourcesInfrastructureandEliminateDuplicativePrograms • TheAdministrationalsowillfocus on waystoensuretheresponsive­ness, accountability, andoperationaloversight of thecivilworks program in ordertobestmeetcurrentandfuturewaterresourceschallenges. Together, theseeffortswillimproveperformanceandfreeupresourcesforotherusesanddeficitreduction. 5. ReduceFundingforStateRevolvingFunds (SRFs) WhileSpurringEfficiencyand Reform • Federal dollarsprovidedthroughtheSRFswillact as a catalystforefficientsystem-wideplan­ningandongoingmanagement of sustainablewa­terinfrastructure. Overall, theAdministrationrequests a combined $2.5 billionfortheSRFs.

  24. OpeningMarketsAbroadandKeepingAmericaSafe • DoubleAmericanExportsby 2014 • TheBudgetproposes $526 millionfortheInter­nationalTradeAdministration (ITA) tocontinueimplementation of theNationalExportInitiative, a broad Federal strategytoincreaseAmericanex­portsandexport-relatedjobs. 2. Create a UnifiedApproachtoBudgetingOperations in Iraq, Afghanistan, and Pakistan • DOD has an OCO decrease of $41 billion, andtheDepartment of Stateand USAID haveincreases of $3 billion. Overall, OCO funding is $126 billion, $38 billionlessthanrequestedfor 2011.

  25. 3. Fund the Transition to a Civilian-led Mis­sion in Iraq and Begin the Drawdown in Afghanistan • To support the U.S. transition from a military to a civilian-led mission in Iraq, the Budget helps Iraq develop its energy sector so that it can support itself in due time, funds a more intense diplomatic presence to triage flashpoints; and supports efforts to help Iraq build its civilian and military capabilities. • In Afghanistan, the Bud­get supports operations necessary to fulfill our mission with funding for: force protection; recon­stitution of damaged equipment; intelligence ac­tivities; and training, equipping, and sustaining the Afghan Army and police.

  26. 3. PursueEfficiencies, ReducetheGrowth in MilitarySpending, andMaintainMilitaryReadiness • TheDepartment of Defense is pursuing a variety of strategiesto set a courseforzerorealgrowth in defensespending, andsaving $78 billion in itsbasebudget as com­paredtothe 2011 estimateforthenexthalfde­cade. Thiswillreduce DOD spendingby $13 bil­lion in 2012. 4. Reform DefenseDepartmentContracting • Building on effortsbegun in 2010, DOD willcontinuetoimproveitsacquisitionpolicy, reduceitsuse of high-risk contracts, such as thoseawardedwithoutcompetitionandthosepriced on a time-and-materialsbasis, andelimi­nateorreconfigurelower-priorityacquisitions.

  27. 5. Make Foreign Affairs Operations More Efficient and Effective • The State Department will use informa­tion technology to achieve efficiencies and save approximately $15 million in 2012. 6. Modernize the Nation’s Nuclear Weap­ons Arsenal, Reduce Proliferation Risks, and Maintain a Strong Strategic Deterrent • The Administration proposes $11.8 billion for the National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA).

  28. 7. PrepareforEmergingThreatsIncludingCyber-Attacks • Fullfunding of $31.8 millionforthereorganizedchemical, biological, radio­logical, nuclearandhigh-yieldexplosiveconse­quencemanagementstructure, whichwill be in placepriortotheend of 2012. 8. AddressRootCauses of ConflictandSe­curityThreats • The Global HealthInitiative • FeedtheFuture

  29. 9. FostertheCreation of an Advanced, In­teroperableCommunicationsSystemforFirstResponders • Administration is callingfor a total of $10.6 bil­liontowardthiseffortderivedfromthesaleandreallocation of spectrum. 10. SafeguardtheNation’sAirTransporta­tionSystem • TheAdministrationproposes $54 milliontosupportthedeployment of upto 1,275 newAdvancedImagingTechnology (AIT) screen­ingmachines at airportcheckpointsbytheend of 2012.

  30. 11. Strengthen Border Security and Immi­gration Verification and Integration Programs • Budget proposes $132 million to enhance and ex­pand immigration-related verification programs at U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services. 12. Support the Nation’s Troops and Their Families • The Budget shifts $73 million from the OCO budget to the base Department of Defense budget.

  31. 13. Care for Wounded, Ill, and Injured Servicemembers • To provide high-quality medical care to the more than 9.6 million service­members, retirees, and their families, the Budget includes funding for a variety of programs. 14. Prioritize Specialized Care for Veterans with Psychological and Cognitive Health Needs • The President’s Budget includes $6 bil­lion to enhance the Department of Veterans Af­fairs (VA’s) ability to provide the best possible spe­cialized care for post-traumatic stress, traumatic brain injury, and other mental health needs.

  32. 15. Continue Efforts to End Veteran Home­lessness by 2015 • The President’s Budget in­vests $939 million to continue the expansion of VA services for homeless and at-risk veterans. These funds will move us toward the goal of ending veteran homelessness by 2015. 16. Begin Implementation of a New Paperless System to Boost Efficiency and Responsive­ness at the Department of Veterans Affairs • The Budget pro­vides $183 million for the implementation of a new paperless claims processing system.

  33. DEPARTMENT OF STATE AND OTHER INTERNATIONAL PROGRAMS • Department of State and Other International Programs (In millions of dollars) Actual 2010 Estimate 2011 • Discretionary Budget Authority: Administration of Foreign Affairs ............. 9,716 10,362 • International Organizations and Peacekeeping ........................................ 3,808 3,539 • Economic Support Fund ........................................................................... 6,570 5,969 • Global Health and Child Survival .............................................................. 7,829 8,716 • International Narcotics and Law Enforcement .......................................... 1,848 1,512 • Migration and Refugee Assistance ........................................................... 1,693 1,613

  34. DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION ActualEstimate 20102011 2012 Spending DiscretionaryBudgetaryAuthority: • Federal AviationAdministration ................................................................ 12,478 12,883 • Federal HighwayAdministration ............................................................... 935 –630 • NationalHighwayTrafficSafetyAdministration 1 ....................................... 3 — • Federal RailroadAdministration 1 .............................................................. 295 183 • Federal Transit Administration 1 ................................................................. 150 150 • MaritimeAdministration ............................................................................ 363 304 • Office of theSecretary 1 ............................................................................ 290 289 • PipelineandHazardousMaterialsSafetyAdministration ......................... 165 192 • Allother ..................................................................................................... 60 60 • Total, Discretionarybudgetaryauthority ................................................... 14,739 14,000 13,431 Memorandum: • Budgetauthorityfromsupplementals— — • DiscretionaryObligationLimitations/MandatoryContractAuthority: • Federal AviationAdministration ............................................................... 3,515 2,424 • Federal HighwayAdministration 2 ............................................................. 41,107 69,675

  35. DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION Actual Estimate 2010 2011 2012 • Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration 2………….. 550 606 • National Highway Traffic Safety Administration 2 ....... 729 860 • Federal Railroad Administration 2 ............................. — 8,046 • Federal Transit Administration 2 ............................... 8,343 22,201 • National Infrastructure Bank 2 ...................................... — 5,000 • Total, Obligation Limitations ...................................... 54,244 54,244 108,812 • Total, Budgetary resources ..........................................68,983 68,244 122,243 • Total, Discretionary outlays 3 ........................................35,309 31,219 26,976

  36. DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY Actual Estimate 2010 2011 2012 Spending Discretionary Budget Authority: • Internal Revenue Service ............................................................................ 12,146 13,284 • Financial Management Service .................................................................. 244 219 • Departmental Offices .................................................................................. 315 325 • Bureau of the Public Debt ........................................................................... 182 166 • Department and IRS Inspectors General .................................................... 182 188 • Special Inspector General for Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP) ....... 23 47 • Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau ............................................... 103 98 • Financial Crimes Enforcement Network ...................................................... 111 84 • Community Development Financial Institutions Fund ................................. 247 227 • All Other ...................................................................................................... –135 –590 • Total, Discretionary budget authority ..............................................................13,418 13,935 14,048

  37. DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY Actual Estimate 2010 2011 2012 • Total, Outlays .................................................................................................51,546 135,241 129,123 Credit activity Direct Loan Disbursements: • GSE MBS and HFA Purchases .................................................................. 45,187 3,125 — • Troubled Asset Relief Program .................................................................. 23,373 31,914 — • Small Business Lending Fund ................................................................... — 17,399 — • Community Development Financial Institutions Fund ................................ — — 10 • Total, Direct loan disbursements ...................................................................... 68,560 52,438 10 • Guaranteed Loan Commitments: • Troubled Asset Relief Program ................................................................... — 60,000 83,681 • Total, Guaranteed loan commitments .............................................................— 60,000 83,681

  38. DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS ActualEstimate 2010 2011 2012 Spending DiscretionaryBudgetAuthority: • MedicalCare ............................................................................................. 44,546 50,851 • MedicalCollections (non-add) 2,839 3,078 • Total MedicalCareincludingcollections (non-add) 47,385 53,929 • MedicalCareandProstheticsResearch ................................................... 581 509 • InformationTechnology ............................................................................. 3,307 3,161 • Construction .............................................................................................. 1,980 1,271 • VeteransBenefitsAdministration .............................................................. 1,689 2,019 • General Administration ............................................................................. 398 448 • HousingandOtherCredit ......................................................................... 166 156 • NationalCemeteryAdministration ............................................................ 250 251 • FilipinoVeteransEquityCompensationFund ........................................... 63 — • Office of Inspector General ....................................................................... 109 109 • Total, Discretionarybudgetauthority ............................................................53,089 56,967 58,775

  39. DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY • Department of VeteransAffairs—Continued(Inmillions of dollars) ActualEstimate 2010 2011 2012 Creditactivity DirectLoanDisbursements: • VendeeandAcquiredLoans ........................... 251 1,082 1,236 • Allotherprograms ............................................ 17 22 13 • Total, Directloandisbursements ........................................................................ 268 1,104 1,249 GuaranteedLoanCommitments: • VeteransHomeLoans ............................. 63,140 68,407 57,575

  40. OVERSEAS CONTINGENCY OPERATIONS Actual Estimate 2010 2011 2012 Spending Discretionary Budget Authority: Department of Defense: • Operation Iraqi Freedom/Operation New Dawn ................................... 61,517 45,640 10,442 • Operation Enduring Freedom ............................................................... 100,748 113,442 107,143 • Sub-Total, Department of Defense 1 ......................................................... 162,265 159,082 117,585 Department of State and U.S.Agency for International Development (USAID): • Iraq ....................................................................................................... 2,795 1,685 5,248 • Afghanistan .......................................................................................... 2,212 2,368 2,208 • Pakistan ............................................................................................... 79 1,333 1,246 • Sub-Total, Department of State and USAID 2,3 ......................................... 5,085 5,387 8,703 • Total, Discretionary budget authority ............................................................167,350 164,469 126,288

  41. NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION ActualEstimate 2010 2011 2012 Spending DiscretionaryBudgetAuthority: • Science ..................................................................................................... 4,498 5,017 • Exploration ................................................................................................ 3,777 3,949 • Aeronautics ............................................................................................... 497 569 • SpaceOperations ..................................................................................... 6,142 4,347 • SpaceResearchandTechnology ............................................................. — 1,024 • Education .................................................................................................. 181 138 • CrossAgencySupport .............................................................................. 3,141 3,192 • ConstructionandEnvironmentalComplianceandRestoration ............... 453 450 • Inspector General ..................................................................................... 36 38 • Total, Discretionarybudgetauthority ...........................................................18,725 18,900 18, • Total, Discretionaryoutlays ..........................................................................18,912 19,491 18,188 • MandatoryOutlays: • Allother general fundsandproprietaryreceipts ....................................... –7 –15 –15 • Science, Space, andTechnologyEducationTrustFund ........................... 1 1 1 • Total, Mandatoryoutlays ...............................................................................–6 –14 –14 • Total, Outlays .............................................................................................. 18,906 19,477 18,174

  42. NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION ActualEstimate 2010 2011 2012 Spending DiscretionaryBudgetAuthority: • ResearchandRelatedActivities ................................................................. 5,564 6,254 • EducationandHumanResources .............................................................. 873 911 • MajorResearchEquipmentandFacilitiesConstruction ............................. 117 225 • AgencyOperationsandAwardManagement ............................................. 300 358 • Office of theInspector General ................................................................... 14 15 • Office of theNationalScience Board .......................................................... 5 5 • Total, Discretionarybudgetauthority ............................................................ 6,873 7,424 7,768 • Total, Discretionaryoutlays .............................................................................6,607 8,415 7,626 MandatoryOutlays: • Legislativeproposal, WirelessInnovationFund .......................................... — — 150 • H-1B FeePrograms .................................................................................... 114 155 132 • Allother ....................................................................................................... -2 32 -2 • Total, Mandatoryoutlays .................................................................................112 187 280 • Total, Outlays .................................................................................................6,719 8,602 7,906

  43. SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION ActualEstimate 20102011 2012 Spending DiscretionaryBudgetAuthority: • SalariesandExpenses ............................................................................. 434 427 • BusinessLoans: • LoanSubsidy ........................................................................................ 83 215 • LoanAdministration ............................................................................... 153 148 • Subtotal, BusinessLoans ......................................................................... 236 363 DisasterLoans: • LoanSubsidy ........................................................................................ 2 — • LoanAdministration ............................................................................... 76 167 • Subtotal, DisasterLoans ........................................................................... 78 167 • Office of theInspector General ................................................................. 16 18 • Office of Advocacy .................................................................................... — 9 • Surety Bond RevolvingFund .................................................................... 1 — • UnrequestedProjects ............................................................................... 59 — • Total, Discretionarybudgetauthority ..............................................................824 993 985

  44. SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION Actual Estimate 20102011 2012 Memorandum: • Budget authority from supplementals 962 — — • Total, Discretionary outlays .............................................................................1,453 1,504 1,212 Mandatory Outlays: • Business Loan Subsidy Reestimates ........................................................ 4,472 4,530 — • Disaster Loan Subsidy Reestimates ......................................................... 211 192 — • Liquidating Credit Accounts ...................................................................... –8 –8 –7 • Total, Mandatory outlays ................................................................................4,675 4,714 –7 • Total, Outlays .................................................................................................6,128 6,218 1,205 Credit activity Direct Loan Disbursements: • Direct Disaster Loans ................................................................................ 388 1,100 1,100 • Direct Business Loans .............................................................................. 32 37 33 • Total, Direct loan disbursements ....................................................................420 1,137 1,133 Guaranteed Loan Commitments: • Guaranteed Business Loans ..................................................................... 14,156 23,900 23,900 • Guaranteed Disaster Loans ...................................................................... — 19 63 • Total, Guaranteed loan commitments .............................................................14,156 23,919 23,963

  45. SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION ActualEstimate 20102011 2012 Spending DiscretionaryBudgetAuthority: • Limitation on AdministrativeExpenses (LAE) Base 1 ........................... 11,304 12,358 • Office of Inspector General .................................................................. 103 107 • ResearchandDevelopment ................................................................. 42 31 • Total, Discretionarybudgetauthority ............................................................... 11,449 12,169 12,496 Memorandum: • AmericanRecoveryandReinvestmentActrescission 2 –47 — — • Total, Discretionaryoutlays .............................................................................. 11,298 12,538 12,506 MandatoryOutlays: • Old-age, Survivors, andDisabilityInsurance ....................................... 700,719 727,617 760,669 • SupplementalSecurityIncome 3 .......................................................... 47,255 52,720 47,565 • SpecialBenefitsforCertainWorldWar II Veterans .............................. 8 9 7 • OffsettingCollections ........................................................................... –26,313 –106,027 –58,614 • EconomicRecoveryPayments ............................................................ 117 30 — • Legislativeproposals ............................................................................ — 14,270 -45 • Allother ................................................................................................ 22,862 102,354 55,056 • Total, Mandatoryoutlays .................................................................................. 744,648 790,973 804,638 • Total, Outlays ................................................................................................... 755,946 803,511 817,144

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