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Liberation, Separation, Extraction

Liberation, Separation, Extraction. MINE 292 - Lecture 3. Liberation, Separation, Extraction. STAGE 1 – Blasting (600-650 mm) STAGE 2 - Primary Crushing (100-250 mm) STAGE 3 - Secondary Crushing (12-19 mm) STAGE 4 – Grinding (100 microns) STAGE 5 - Separation by size

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Liberation, Separation, Extraction

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  1. Liberation, Separation, Extraction MINE 292 - Lecture 3

  2. Liberation, Separation, Extraction STAGE 1 – Blasting (600-650 mm) STAGE 2 - Primary Crushing (100-250 mm) STAGE 3 - Secondary Crushing (12-19 mm) STAGE 4 – Grinding (100 microns) STAGE 5 - Separation by size STAGE 6 - Separation by values STAGE 7 - Extraction of values

  3. What is an Ore? • Mineralized rock that can be mined/processed • At a time (temporal) • At a place (spatial) • At a profit (economic) • Waste rock can become an ore • Tailings can become an ore

  4. Drilling and Blasting • Creates a top size suitable for transportation • Begins the process of Liberation • Factors • Drill hole diameter • Drill hole spacing and pattern • Explosive type • Delay system

  5. Drilling and Blasting

  6. Influence of Blasting Practices S. Morrell and W. Valery, 2001. “Influence of Feed Size on AG/SAG Mill Performance”. SAG 2001, Vancouver, Canada, pp203-214 S. Morrell, 2003. “The Influence of Feed Size on Autogenous and Semiautogenous Grinding and the Role of Blasting in its Manipulation”, Proc. 22nd International Mineral Processing Congress, Eds.: L.Lorenzen and D.J. Bradshaw, p.526-533.

  7. Influence of Blasting Practices S. Morrell and W. Valery, 2001. “Influence of Feed Size on AG/SAG Mill Performance”. SAG 2001, Vancouver, Canada, pp203-214 S. Morrell, 2003. “The Influence of Feed Size on Autogenous and Semiautogenous Grinding and the Role of Blasting in its Manipulation”, Proc. 22nd International Mineral Processing Congress, Eds.: L.Lorenzen and D.J. Bradshaw, p.526-533.

  8. Influence of Blasting Practices So, an increased Power Factor of 0.6 kg/m3 yields 250 t of increased production and a decrease in average grinding energy of 1.4 kWh/t Bulk Density: 1 m3 of ore = 2.03 t (ore S.G. = 2.9) Increased explosives use (kg/t) = 0.6 kg / 2.03 t = 0.296 kg/t Increased cost = 0.296 kg/t x $1.06/kg = $0.313 kg/t Explosive cost increase = $0.313 x 250 t = $78.33 Decreased energy cost = $0.10/kWh x 1.4 kWh/t x 250 t = $35.0 Total cost increase = $78.33 - $35.00 = $ 43.33 Increased ore value = 250 t @ $5.26* / t = $1,315 * 0.4 %Cu = 3.6 kg recoverable Cu / t x $7.3 /kg x 0.2 = $5.26 / t

  9. Order of Comminution Processing Blasting Primary Crushing Secondary Crushing Grinding Regrinding

  10. Crushing Machines

  11. Crushing Machines

  12. Jaw Crusher

  13. Gyratory Crusher

  14. Symons Cone Crusher

  15. Cone Crusher Liners

  16. HPGR – high-pressure grinding rolls

  17. High-Pressure Grinding Rolls

  18. Vibrating Screen

  19. Secondary Crushing Plant

  20. Alternate Secondary Crushing Plant Design

  21. Open Circuit Crushing

  22. Grinding Mills

  23. Grinding Mills Rod Mill – opened up for maintenance Ball Mill – overflow type

  24. Conical Ball-Mill

  25. Grinding Mills Bingham Canyon Grinding Mills

  26. Tube Mill

  27. Rod-Mill Overflow Discharge

  28. Rod-Mill End Peripheral Discharge

  29. Rod-Mill Central Peripheral Discharge

  30. SAG Mill: semi-autogenous grinding

  31. Grinding and Cyanide Leaching Musslewhite Mine, Ontario

  32. Cyclo-Pak – classification hydrocyclones

  33. Spiral and Rake Classifiers

  34. Rake Classifier

  35. Rake Classifier

  36. Spiral Classifiers

  37. Air Cyclone / Particle Recovery

  38. Size Distribution of Soils

  39. Size Distribution Curves

  40. Bimodal Size Distribution

  41. Hydrocyclone

  42. Separator Partition Curves

  43. Stoke’s Law

  44. ABC Grinding Circuit

  45. Bond Work Index Formula

  46. Size Ranges in Separators

  47. Electronic Sorting

  48. Electrostatic Separation

  49. Cross-Belt Magnetic Separator

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