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THE STUARTS IN ENGLISH HISTORY

THE STUARTS IN ENGLISH HISTORY. INDEX. James I Charles I The Petition of Rights Oliver Cromwell Charles II James II The Glorious Revolution Mary and William Anne I. JAMES I. Mary Stuart’ son and Elizabeth I’s nephew ;

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THE STUARTS IN ENGLISH HISTORY

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  1. THE STUARTS IN ENGLISH HISTORY

  2. INDEX • James I • Charles I • The PetitionofRights • Oliver Cromwell • Charles II • James II • The GloriousRevolution • Mary and William • Anne I

  3. JAMES I • Mary Stuart’ son and Elizabeth I’s nephew; • Hecameto the throne in 1603 with the titleof James I of England and VIof Scotland; • Hebelieved in the Divine Right ofKings = absolutism; • Hehadto face religiousproblems and opponentsfromParliament.

  4. CHARLES I • James I’ son; • Heruledwithabsolutism; • Hehadfinancialproblemsbecauseof the warshewasfighting; • Heneededmoney and heaskedParliamentforit; • Parliamentansweredwith the “PetitionofRights”;

  5. THE PETITION OF RIGHTS Itwas a Parliamentarydeclarationof the rights and libertiesof the people thatdemanded: • thattaxescouldbeimposedonlywithanaccordancebetweenthe kingand Parliament; • that no freemanshouldbeimprisonedcontraryto the lawsof the land; • the abolishmentofmartiallaw.

  6. CHARLES I • In 1629 hedismissed the body and heruled alone for 11 years; • Herecall the Parliament in 1640 buthedismisseditnext: Short Parliament; • The needofmoneyforcedhimtorecall the Parliament once agian: Long Parliament; • The Civil War broke out in 1642.

  7. OLIVER CROMWELL • Hetokecontrolof the new–formedrepubic: the Commonwealth; • Heget the titleofLord Protector (Interregnum); • He led the Ironsides; • Heformed the New ModelArmy; • Hemadelotsofconquest; • His son Richard wasunabletokeep the power.

  8. CHARLES II • Hewas the son of Charles I; • The Parliamentcrownedhim in 1661: Restoration; • Hesupported the Anglicanism; • Heimposed: • the Test Act (itpreventedCatholicsfrom holding officialspositions in the State) • the ExclusionBill (no Chatoliccouldbecomeking)

  9. JAMES II • Charles II’s Brother; • HebecamekingdespitehewasCatholic; • Heevaded the Test Act; • Parlaimenttrytohavehimby-passed; • The Bloody Assizes followed the Parliament’s attempt; • James getanheir in 1688.

  10. THE GLORIOUS REVOLUTION • Protestantswereconcernedabout aChatolicsuccession; • Mary, James II’s daughter, and her husband, William of Orange, were invited to take the throne; • James fled to France; • Monarchs needed the consent of Parliament to rule = the concept of Divine Right was destroyed.

  11. MARY AND WILLIAM • Mary II was James II’s daughter; • William , princeof Orange, was the son of Charles II and James II’ sister; • Parliamentimposedthem the Bill ofRightsin 1689.

  12. THE BILL OF RIGHTS The Bill of Rights Act, 1689 mainly set out strict limits on the use of Royal prerogatives by the sovereign. • The Act guarantee of some civil rights • It required the English monarch to always be Protestant • The Act guarantee lots of liberties for Parliamet giving it great power. • For addictionalinformation about the Bill of Rights: http://www.marilenabeltramini.it/schoolwork1314/UserFiles/Admin_teacher/study_guide_bill_of_rights.pdf

  13. ANNE I • Shewas the sisterofMary II; • ShewasProtestant; • Shefollowed the GloriousRevolution; • In 1707 the Act of Union formally united the Kingdoms of England and Scotland; • She was the last Stuart monarch; • She died in 1714.

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