1 / 13

Plant Form and Function Soil and Plant Nutrition

Plant Form and Function Soil and Plant Nutrition. Plant biology, perhaps the oldest branch of science, is driven by a combination of curiosity and need curiosity about how plants work need to apply this knowledge judiciously to feed, clothe, and house a burgeoning human population.

braith
Télécharger la présentation

Plant Form and Function Soil and Plant Nutrition

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Plant Form and FunctionSoil and Plant Nutrition Plant biology, perhaps the oldest branch of science, is driven by a combination of curiosity and need curiosityabout how plants work needto apply this knowledge judiciously to feed, clothe, and house a burgeoning human population.

  2. Plant Nutrition • What does a plant need to survive? • 9 macronutrients (required in large quantities) • C, H, N, O, P, S, K, Ca, Mg • 8 micronutrients (required in small quantities) • Fe, Cl, Cu, Mn, Zn, Mo, B, Ni • usually serve as cofactors of enzymatic reactions

  3. Atmosphere N2 N2 Atmosphere Nitrate and nitrogenousorganiccompoundsexported inxylem toshoot system Soil Nitrogen-fixingbacteria N2 Denitrifyingbacteria H+ (From soil) NH4+ NH3 (ammonia) Soil NO3– (nitrate) NH4+ (ammonium) Nitrifyingbacteria Ammonifyingbacteria Organicmaterial (humus) Root Soil Bacteria and Nitrogen Availability Nitrogen-fixing bacteria convert atmospheric N2 plants absorb ammonium (NH4+), nitrate (NO3-)

  4. Healthy Phosphate-deficient Potassium-deficient Nitrogen-deficient Mineral Deficiency • The most common deficiencies are those of nitrogen, potassium, and phosphorus

  5. Hydroponics • Remove only one macronutrient to see effects on plant

  6. Soil • Texture and Composition • Texture depends on size of particles • sand-silt-clay • loams: equal amounts of sand, silt, clay • Composition • Horizons-living organic matter • A horizon: topsoil, living organisms, humus • B horizon: less organic, less weathering than A horizon • C Horizon: “parent” material for upper layers • Soil conservation issues • fertilizers, irrigation, erosion

  7. Soil Aeration • A mixture of mineral particles, decaying organic material, living organisms, air, and water, which together support the growth of plants

  8. Nutritional Adaptations • Symbiotic Relationships • symbiotic nitrogen fixation • Legume root nodules contain bacteroids (Rhizobium bacteria) • mutualistic relationship • Crop rotation • Mycorrhizae • symbiotic associations of fungi and roots • mutualistic relationship • Ectomycorrhizae - mycelium forms mantle over root • Endomycorrhizae - does not form mantle; hyphae extend inward • Parasitic plants • plants that supplement their nutrition from host • mistletoe, dodder plant, Indian pipe • Carnivorous plants • supplement nutrition by digesting animals

  9. EPIPHYTES Staghorn fern, an epiphyte PARASITIC PLANTS Host’s phloem Dodder Haustoria Dodder, a nonphotosynthetic parasite Mistletoe, a photosynthetic parasite Indian pipe, a nonphotosynthetic parasite CARNIVOROUS PLANTS Venus’ flytrap Sundews Pitcher plants Pitcher plant Venus flytrap

  10. Phytoremediation • Poplars remove nitrates • Mustard removes uranium

  11. Phytoremediation

  12. WetlandsPhytoremediation Pesticide Levels (ppb) inGround Water Before & AfterPhytoremediation Activities

More Related