The wide world of space

1. The wide world of space Want to know about the space suit? Join me!!! JOIN

2. I’ll be your guide:Anusree G8.D

3. What is it ? Continue

4. What is a spacesuit? • A spacesuit is much more than a set of clothes astronauts wear on spacewalks. A fully equipped spacesuit is really a one-person spacecraft. The formal name for the spacesuit used on the space shuttle and International Space Station is the Extravehicular Mobility Unit, or EMU. "Extravehicular" means outside the vehicle or spacecraft. "Mobility" means that the astronaut can move around in the suit. The spacesuit protects the astronaut from the dangers of being outside in space.  

6. Why do they need it? Continue

7. Why do Astronauts need spacesuits? • Spacesuits help astronauts in several ways. Spacewalking astronauts face a wide variety of temperatures. In Earth orbit, conditions can be as cold as minus 250 degrees Fahrenheit. In the sunlight, they can be as hot as 250 degrees. A spacesuit protects astronauts from those extreme temperatures. Spacesuits also supply astronauts with oxygen to breathe while they are in the vacuum of space. They contain water to drink during spacewalks. They protect astronauts from being injured from impacts of small bits of space dust. Space dust may not sound very dangerous, but when even a tiny object is moving many times faster than a bullet, it can cause injury. Spacesuits also protect astronauts from radiation in space. The suits even have visors to protect astronauts' eyes from the bright sunlight. 

9. What are the parts of it? Continue

10. What are the parts of a spacesuit? Displays and Control Module Arm EVA Gloves Hard Upper Torso • The spacesuit consists of several pieces: Wrist Mirr-or Liquid Cooling & Ventilation Garment Water Pouch Lower Torso Helmet Layers Communications Carrier Assembly Maximum Absorption Garment SAFER Safety Tethers Cuff Checklist Please click on a picture to know more about the piece & wait for 3 seconds after every text appears for the picture to reappear!!

11. Evolution of Spacesuits 4th Continue Step

12. Spacesuits were first invented around 80 years ago, for early pilots who wanted to fly really high. As pilots fly higher and higher, the air becomes thinner, so they need air to breathe and to support their bodies. The earliest suits were made of rubber and cloth and were stiff, bulky and hard to move around in.

13. In the 1950s and 1960s, Russia and America got into a race to be the first into space. Although the earliest astronauts stayed inside their spacecraft, scientists knew they needed protection, and so started work on better space suits for these missions. The first NASA spacesuits were silver in colour, because scientists thought this would reflect the burning hot sun rays. They had hoses on them that were attached to machines that kept them supplied with air and cooling water.

14. The Mercury suit was worn "soft" or unpressurized and served only as a backup for possible spacecraft cabin pressure loss - an event that never happened. Limited pressurized mobility would have been a minor inconvenience in the small Mercury spacecraft cabin. The Mark IV, Model 3, Type 1 suit from which it was derived featured various enhancements in fit and ease of donning, as well as substantially improved pressurization control. The original Mercury prototype suits were specially-reworked Mark IV suits (NASA designated them XN-1 through XN-4 models, but they were referred to by engineers as the "quick fix" suits). • American space suit, operational 1960. The Mercury spacesuit was a custom-fitted, modified version of the Goodrich U.S. Navy Mark IV high altitude jet aircraft pressure suit. It consisted of an inner layer of Neoprene-coated nylon fabric and a restraint outer layer of aluminized nylon. Joint mobility at the elbow and knees was provided by simple fabric break lines sewn into the suit; but even with these break lines, it was difficult for a pilot to bend his arms or legs against the force of a pressurized suit. As an elbow or knee joint was bent, the suit joints folded in on themselves reducing suit internal volume and increasing pressure.

15. Development of Space Suits

16. Space suits were originally developed for Airforce pilots. In the 1950s planes were designed to fly higher and faster than ever before. These top-secret spy planes flew so high they were almost in space! The modern orange ESS space suit that Space shuttle pilots wear today was invented for pilots of the incredible Blackbird spy plane. Blackbird can fly faster than a bullet coming out of a gun, and goes through the air so fast that its windscreen heats up to over 200 degrees centigrade - much hotter than boiling water. No wonder its pilots needed to wear a special suit!

17. Tougher Suits For space walks

18. As space missions became more and more ambitious, suits had to become stronger, and better. During the NASA Gemini missions, the suit was improved to allow astronauts to open the spacecraft and go outside. They were attached to the spacecraft by a thick tube that carried air and water, and stopped them floating away! Then during the Apollo missions, the suit had to be redesigned again, to allow astronauts to get out of their space ship and explore the surface of the Moon.. It has a big backpack containing enough air, water and batteries to allow the astronaut to explore the moon for a whole eight hours, without being attached to their space craft for all that time! The suit even has a rather unpleasant tube built into it to allow the astronaut to go to the toilet - after all they couldn't take the suit off and go to the toilet when they were out on the moon's surface!

19. G3C Suits-gemini The G3C and G4C suits were the primary spacesuits worn for all but the Gemini 7 mission. The G3C consisted of six layers of nylon (the innermost containing a rubberized nylon "bladder") and Nomex, with a link net retaining layer and an outer layer of white Nomex fabric. It had removable combat-style boots, also made of Nomex fabric, along with a full-pressure helmet (containing a set of earphones and microphones) and gloves detachable by improved locking rings that allow easy rotation of the wrists. On Gemini 3, the G3C suit was worn by both Gus Grissom and John W. Young and was the only flight to use this suit.

20. G4C Suits-Gemini • The G4C suit was identical to the G3C suit, but came in two different styles. Both had additional layers of Mylar insulation for temperature control (+250°F in direct sunlight and -250°F in shadow), but the commander's suit retained the removable boots, while the pilot's version had integrated boots and a detachable sun visor which clipped onto the helmet. The G4C suit was worn by all subsequent Gemini crews from Gemini 4 to Gemini 12 (except for Gemini 7) and it was in this suit that Ed White made the first American spacewalk in 1965. A further modification, the incorporation of additional layers in the legs, as well as an outer layer of Chromel R fabric, was made to the EVA suit worn by Eugene Cernan on Gemini 9A, to accommodate a planned test of the Air Force Astronaut Maneuvering Unit (AMU).On this version, the Plexiglas helmet faceplate was replaced with one made of higher strength polycarbonate plastic. This version was also worn by Buzz Aldrin on Gemini 12 for a similar AMU test, though this test was canceled two months before the mission.

21. G5c Suits-Gemini • For the 14-day Gemini 7 mission, both Frank Borman and Jim Lovell wore modified G3C suits, but incorporating several changes: Replacement of the pressure helmet and neck ring with a zippered hood incorporating a clear, fixed polycarbonate visor, with the astronauts wearing modified Navy-style aviator crash helmets that incorporated the communication equipment (microphones and earphones). Additional zippers for in-flight adjustment, along with provisions for complete removal of the suit. This configuration is the G5C suit. During the mission, Lovell was the first person to take his pressure suit off, which was achieved with great difficulty due to his size. Borman later was able to get his suit off, and biomedical data collected during the flight confirmed that astronauts would be more comfortable during Apollo lunar flights in a shirt-sleeve environment, wearing flight suits during "non-critical" phases of the mission. This led to the wearing of such flight suits from Apollo 7 to the present day. The G5C suit somewhat resembles the current Soyuz Sokol pressure suits worn by Russian-launched ISS crews.

22. Apollo Suits • The basic design of the A7L suit was a one piece, five-layer "torso-limb" suit with convoluted joints made of synthetic and natural rubber at the shoulders, elbows, wrist, hips, ankle, and knee joints, "link-net" meshing to prevent the suit from ballooning at the joints, and a shoulder "cable block" assembly to allow the shoulder to be extended and retracted by its wearer. Metal rings at the neck and forearms allowed for the connection of the pressure gloves and the famous Apollo "fishbowl helmet" (adopted by NASA as it allowed an unrestricted view, as well as eliminating the need for a visor seal required in the Mercury and Gemini and Apollo Block I spacesuit helmets). A cover layer, which was designed to be fireproof after the deadly Apollo 1 fire, was attached to the pressure garment assembly and was removable for repairs and inspection. All A7L suits featured a vertical zipper that went from the shoulder assembly of the suit down to the crotch for entering and exiting the suit.

23. Suits that can fly

24. This space suit is attached to a rocket powered backpack called a Manned Maneuvering Unit (or MMU for short). This suit has 24 tiny rocket motors, that allows the astronaut to fly freely around in space without being attached to the space craft at all. There is a camera attached above the astronauts head so other crew members and scientists on earth can see what the astronaut is seeing, and the controls for flying the MMU are on the ends of armrests. Working outside of a space craft is sometimes called EVA, or Extra Vehicular activity. The MMU was designed make working on satellites easier. The pilot using this MMU is called Bruce McCandless, the astronaut who helped develop the MMU.

25. Modern Suits

26. Nowadays astronauts don't need to wear space suits at all most of the time. When they are travelling in a Space Shuttle, or visiting the International Space station, they wear simple blue overalls, or even their own clothes. They do still wear the familiar white suits if they need to go out into space to fix a satellite or do experiments. The most commonly seen space suit these days is the orange ESS space Shuttle suit. It is worn during takeoff and landing, to protect the crew if there is a problem with the air in the shuttle itself. The suit is orange so that if the crew has to parachute out of the spacecraft in an emergency they will be easier for rescue crews to spot.

27. Future spacesuits?! • In the future, you will be able to go into space for a holiday! Scientists are working on smaller, lighter, more comfortable space suits, that will be easier to put on and wear. These suits may be tighter fitting, made mostly of fabric, with less metal and rubber bits, and should make movement and even working in space easier to manage.

28. games • To dress up an astronaut: http://www.nasa.gov/audience/forstudents/k-4/playandlearn/dress-me-for-space.html