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SOFTWARE

SOFTWARE. SYSTEMS SOFTWARE. APPLICATIONS SOFTWARE. PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES. APPLICATION PROGRAMS. BANKING SYSTEM. AIRLINE RESERVATION. WEB BROWSER. COMPILERS. INTERPRETERS. SYSTEM PROGRAMS. OPERATING SYSTEM. MACHINE LANGUAGE. MICROPROGRAMMING. HARDWARE. PHYSICAL DEVICES.

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SOFTWARE

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  1. SOFTWARE SYSTEMS SOFTWARE APPLICATIONS SOFTWARE PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES

  2. APPLICATION PROGRAMS BANKING SYSTEM AIRLINE RESERVATION WEB BROWSER COMPILERS INTERPRETERS SYSTEM PROGRAMS OPERATING SYSTEM MACHINE LANGUAGE MICROPROGRAMMING HARDWARE PHYSICAL DEVICES

  3. SYSTEMS SOFTWARE • OPERATING SYSTEMS • COMPILERS • INTERPRETERS

  4. OPERATING SYSTEMS • DOS • WINDOWS • UNIX • LINUX

  5. COMPILERS & INTERPRETERS • SOURCE CODE - C, FORTRAN • OBJECT CODE - 10011001

  6. Compiler: • Translates an entire program at one time then executes. • Compiled programs execute much faster. • Compilation is usually a multi-step process. • Compilers do not require space in memory when programs run.

  7. Interpreter: • Translates a program line at a time while executing. • Interpreted programs are slower because translation takes times. • Interpretation translates in one step. • Interpreters must be in memory while a program is running.

  8. PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES GENERATIONS 1GL MACHINE LANGUAGE 2GL ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE 3GL HIGH LEVEL LANGUAGE 4GL FOURTH GEN. LANGUAGE 5GL FIFTH GEN. LANGUAGE

  9. MACHINE LANGUAGE LOWER LEVEL LANGUAGE Denoted by Binary Digits 0 & 1 Also known as Bits

  10. MACHINE LANGUAGE Fast Execution Machine Dependence Difficult to program Difficult to modify

  11. MACHINE LANGUAGE Hey,this is easy! 10010010 00110101 Hello! Fast Execution

  12. MACHINE LANGUAGE ?? 1000011 Machine Dependence

  13. MACHINE LANGUAGE Difficult to program

  14. MACHINE LANGUAGE 1001???110 1111010??? Crash! Difficult to modify

  15. ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE ADD SUB MULT Easier to understand Easier to locate & correct errors Easier to modify

  16. ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE Machine dependence Knowledge of hardware required

  17. HIGHER LEVEL LANGUAGE THIRD GENERATION LANGUAGE Procedure oriented English words and mathematical symbols Translated by compiler or interpreter

  18. HIGHER LEVEL LANGUAGE Machine independence Easy to learn and use Fewer errors Lower program preparation cost Easier to maintain

  19. HIGHER LEVEL LANGUAGE Lower efficiency Less flexible

  20. HIGHER LEVEL LANGUAGE FORTRAN -FORmulaTRANSlation COBOL -Common Business Oriented Language BASIC - Beginners All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code PASCAL ALGOL - ALGOrithmic Language LOGO

  21. FOURTH GENERATION LANGUAGES – 4GLs Non-procedural language Interactive coding - menus Limited training period Emphasis on end results Increased productivity Increased memory requirements

  22. FOURTH GENERATION LANGUAGES – 4GLs Easier to write Minimum syntax rules Saves time and frees professional programmers for more complex tasks

  23. FOURTH GENERATION LANGUAGES – 4GLs Less control over how each task is actually performed. They require more computer power and processing time.

  24. FOURTH GENERATION LANGUAGES – 4GLs Used in artificial intelligence and expert systems. Also used for accessing databases. Examples: SQL QBE Visual Basic

  25. FIFTH GENERATION LANGUAGES – 5GLs Used in artificial intelligence and expert systems; also used for accessing databases. 5GLs are also nonprocedural languages and are also commonly used to query databases.

  26. SOFTWARE SYSTEMS SOFTWARE APPLICATIONS SOFTWARE PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES 5th GENERATION 4th GENERATION HIGH LEVEL LANGUAGE ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE MACHINE LANGUAGE

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