1 / 10

Parenthetical Citations

Parenthetical Citations. How to do it right. Let’s review. What goes inside the parentheses?. The author’s last name (unless it’s already referenced in your sentence). The page number of the excerpt.

brigit
Télécharger la présentation

Parenthetical Citations

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Parenthetical Citations How to do it right. Let’s review.

  2. What goes inside the parentheses? • The author’s last name (unless it’s already referenced in your sentence). • The page number of the excerpt. • In his literary analysis of Star Wars, the author addresses the Oedipal issues of Luke Skywalker (Rinehart73). OR . . . • In his literary analysis of Star Wars, Rinehart addresses the Oedipal issues of Luke Skywalker (73). Don’t… Use a “p” or “pg” in your parentheses [p. 73] or [pg. 73] Use a comma between the author and the page [Rinehart, p. 73]

  3. Where does the punctuation go? • Begin the excerpt with quotation marks. • Close the excerpt with quotation marks before the parentheses • Place the period after the parentheses. “What sticks to memory, often, are those odd little fragments that have no beginning and no end” (O’Brien 34).

  4. Where does the parenthetical citation go? • Place the citation at the end of the sentence in which the evidence was presented. London described White Fang as “antisocial” and “rude”(89). [Note that the author’s name is presented within the sentence, so only the page number is needed in the citation.]

  5. Remember • All parenthetical citations must correlate to the sources used in your works cited page. • Secondary sources are your friends. They support your statements.

  6. Common Errors…Do NOT Do This. • Inserting a comma between the author's name and the page number, such as : (Faulkner, 67). • Inserting end punctuation BEFORE the parenthetical citation. “Lennie smiled helplessly in an attempt to make friends.” (Steinbeck 75) • Using "p." or "pg.“ as an abbreviation before the number of the page (p. 56) versus (56).

  7. How to introduce the evidence (Three types of lead-ins). The “somebody said” lead-in: William Agee comments, “Many critics believe that Shakespeare did not write most of the plays credited to him” (10).

  8. The “blended” lead in: Some quoted material is left out and what is retained blends into the rest of your sentence. According to William Agee, there is some skepticism regarding Shakespeare, and “many critics believe that Shakespeare did not write most of the plays credited to him” (10).

  9. The sentence lead-in:This lead-in (which is an independent clause) is followed by a colon which is followed by the excerpt. Agee presents an alternative idea regarding Shakespeare:“Many critics believe that Shakespeare did not write most of the plays credited to him” (10).

  10. Do NOT introduce evidence like this. . . • Don’t be so obvious. • This is a good quote about George: “The first man was small and quick, dark of face, with restless features”(Steinbeck 2). • A quote about friendship is “George lay back on the sand and crossed his hands under his head, and Lennie imitated him, raising his head to see if he were doing it right” (Steinbeck 4). • Don’t fail to introduce your quotation (i.e. don’t abandon it) • “In a panic he shoveled hay over the puppy with his hands” (Steinbeck 100). • Don’t include a quote which has NOTHING to do with your thesis.

More Related