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Lewis Dot Structures (Washington University)

Lewis Dot Structures (Washington University). Reading: BC Science 10 Outline Lewis Dot Structure Basics. Lewis Dot Structures. Developed by G. N. Lewis to serve as a way to describe bonding in polyatomic systems.

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Lewis Dot Structures (Washington University)

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  1. Lewis Dot Structures(Washington University) • Reading: BC Science 10 • Outline • Lewis Dot Structure Basics

  2. Lewis Dot Structures • Developed by G. N. Lewis to serve as a way to describe bonding in polyatomic systems. • Central idea: the most stable arrangement of electrons is one in which all atoms have a “noble” gas configuration. • Example: NaCl versus Na+Cl- Na: [Ne]3s1 Cl: [Ne]3s23p5 Na+: [Ne] Cl-: [Ne]3s23p6 = [Ar]

  3. LDS Mechanics • Atoms are represented by atomic symbols surrounded by valence electrons. Lone Pair (6 x) • Electron pairs between atoms indicate bond formation. Bonding Pair

  4. LDS Mechanics (cont.) • Three steps for “basic” Lewis structures: Sum the valence electrons for all atoms to determine total number of electrons. Use pairs of electrons to form a bond between each pair of atoms (bonding pairs). Arrange remaining electrons around atoms (lone pairs) to satisfy the “octet rule” (“duet” rule for hydrogen).

  5. LDS Mechanics (cont.) • An example: Cl2O 20 e- 16 e- left

  6. LDS Mechanics (cont.) • An example: CH4 8 e- 0 e- left Done!

  7. LDS Mechanics (cont.) • An example: CO2 16 e- 12 e- left Octet Violation 0 e- left CO double bond

  8. LDS Mechanics (cont.) + • An example: NO+ + 10 e- 8 e- left +

  9. LDS Mechanics (cont.) NO3- 24 e-

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