1 / 20

Climate

Climate. Soil Temperature & Moisture. Cold or Wet Soils. Warm Soils. Slow Decomposition. Fast Decomposition. High nutrients content in soil. Low nutrients content in soil. Climate. Cryic. Frigid. Mesic. Relief. FEET. % Slope = Δ elevation ✕ 100

bruce-sosa
Télécharger la présentation

Climate

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Climate Soil Temperature & Moisture Cold or Wet Soils Warm Soils Slow Decomposition Fast Decomposition High nutrients content in soil Low nutrients content in soil

  2. Climate Cryic Frigid Mesic

  3. Relief FEET % Slope = Δ elevation ✕ 100 Δ lateral distance 3500 3000 2500 B 2000 % Slope = 200 ft. ✕ 100 = 2.5% 8000 ft. 1500 A 1000 500 0 0 5000 10000 15000 FEET

  4. FEET 3500 3000 2500 2000 B 1500 1000 A 500 0 0 5000 10000 15000 FEET

  5. Slope • Nearly Level • 0-3% • Gently Sloping • 3-8% • Sloping • 9-15% • Moderately Steep • 16-35% • Steep • > 35%

  6. Runoff & Drainage Drainage & Runoff: Ability for soils to remain dry - Dry soils have good aeration - Well aerated soils are reddish, poorly aerated are greyish Surface Water Ground Water

  7. Runoff & Drainage Seasonal High Water: Location closest to topsoil that has remained saturated without draining (Redoxomorphic and Gleying) Water Holding Capacity: ability of soil to maintain hydration Depends on TEXTURE!! Aeration: capacity of soil to allow gases to move through particles Nutrient Holding Capacity: ability of soil to capture and retain nutrients (Ca2+, NH4+, PO32-)

  8. Water Holding Capacity Infiltration

  9. SoilTexture

  10. Soil Formation DETRITUSDecaying plant matter (continuous deposition) MINERALSWeathered/Leached/parent minerals TOPSOIL DETRITUS FOOD WEBBiological breakdown - Bioturbation - N fixation

  11. Soil Characteristics Soil Profiles (horizons) Aeration Soil Texture pH Soil Classes Nutrient Holding Capacity Salinity Water Holding Capacity

  12. Soil Profiles O Horizon: Humus -surface litter A Horizon: Topsoil - mixed humus E Horizon: Leaching -less humus B Horizon: Subsoil -accumulated leached minerals (ie: Al & Fe) C Horizon: Weathered parent material

  13. Soil Drainage Seasonal High Water: Highest level of standing water (hydrostatic water in equilibrium with soil) observed un freshly dug hole Water pressure hole = water pressure in soil

  14. Redoximorphic Features: Show evidence of high water in soil profile Mottling

  15. Gleying: soils saturated for extended periods of time  anaerobic conditions create grey streaks Gleying

  16. Be careful because water can “Perch” Water “perches” between horizons, not from groundwater  found only at one depth

  17. Soil Drainage Classes- Look at depth of redox/gleying • Poorly Drained Soil • Redox/gelying 0”-20” of soil surface • Moderately Drained Soil • Redox/gelying 20”-40” of soil surface • Well Drained Soil • Redox/gelying beyond 40” of soil surface

  18. Other Drainage Cues… • Vegetation (water-loving pants?) • Rooting Depth (shallow=high water table) • Soil Color (uniform red=well drained, gray=poorly drained) • Landscape position (relief, depressions)

More Related