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Human Rights Watch Practicum 2008

Human Rights Watch Practicum 2008. Accountability in Afghanistan, Kosovo and Argentina Adrian Weisell Dustin Friedman Laetitia Pactat. The Conflict between Impunity and Accountability. Impunity Fosters post-conflict reconstruction and reconciliation Promotes more rapid end to conflict

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Human Rights Watch Practicum 2008

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  1. HumanRightsWatchPracticum2008 Accountability in Afghanistan, Kosovo and Argentina Adrian Weisell Dustin Friedman Laetitia Pactat

  2. The Conflict between Impunityand Accountability • Impunity • Fosters post-conflict reconstruction and reconciliation • Promotes more rapid end to conflict • Validates human rights violations as not punishable • Accountability • Fosters justice through legal recourse • Encourages long term stability through affirmation of governing institutions • Politically and legally complicated

  3. Arguments Supporting Accountability • Deterrence • Retribution • Marginalization • Incapacitation • Rule of Law • Establishing Historical Record http://www.spectator.co.nz/ images/justice.gif

  4. Conflict and Atrocities in Afghanistan1978-2001 • Indiscriminate bombing and targeting of civilians • Summary Executions • Ethnic Cleansings • Destruction of Rural Economy http://www.keweenawnow.com/views/martin_afghanistan_01_11/images/tank_table_rm.jpg

  5. Bonn Agreement and Consequences • Legitimized factional power structures • Established System of Impunity and contradiction Tony Karon

  6. Afghanistan:Is Accountability Possible? • Harnessing accountability: • Historical Record • Rule of Law • Cultural Currency, i.e. Pashtunwali http://afghanistanica.com

  7. Atrocities and Violations in Kosovo1997-1999 • Ethnic Cleansing • Gender-Based Violence • Destruction of Civilian Property • Legacy of Impunity Dustin Friedman

  8. The Human Toll • 860,000+ Kosovo expelled or fled • 245,300 Kosovo Serbs and Roma fled in fear of or response to reprisals • 10,000 Kosovo Albanians killed in massacres and executions • 1,500 Kosovo Serbs and Roma killed by NATO bombardment • 3,500+ disappeared, 1,613 still missing Dustin Friedman

  9. Kosovo:Accountability towards Justice Links in the Accountability Chain: • Marginalization • Incapacitation • Historical Record • Deterrence • Retribution • Rule of Law Dustin Friedman

  10. Argentina’s Dirty War 1976-1983 • Human Rights Violations: • Desaparecidos • Arbitrary Detention • Torture • Extrajudicial Executions • 9,000-30,000 Victims http://www.sfgate.com/blogs/images/sfgate/foreigndesk/2006/12/15/dirtywar.jpg

  11. Cycles of Amnesty and Accountability • 1984: CONADEP Comisión Nacional sobre la Desaparición de Personas report Nunca Más • Trials of high-raking officers • 1986 : Ley 23.492 dePunto Final • 1987: Ley 23.521 deObediencia Debida • 1990: Menem’s Pardons http://todolosolido.com.ar/weblog/wp-content/desaparecidos.jpg

  12. Final Accountability in Argentina2005 Positive Outcomes of Accountability: • Rule of Law and Establishing a Historical Record Works in Progress: • Deterrence and Retribution http://cache.daylife.com/imageserve/0fRy1BP8KMa6z/610x.jpg

  13. Conclusion • Time • Domestic Support • International Pressure • Institutions Advocating Rule of Law • Political Will www.un.org

  14. Thank You

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