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Multiphysics Simulation Story: The Thermal Management of Li-ion Battery Packs

Multiphysics Simulation Story: The Thermal Management of Li-ion Battery Packs. Fiat Research Center, Orbassano , Italy Michele Gosso and Antonio Fiumara. The Challenge. Electric vehicles require 350V of power, generated by lithium-ion battery pouch cells

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Multiphysics Simulation Story: The Thermal Management of Li-ion Battery Packs

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  1. Multiphysics Simulation Story:The Thermal Managementof Li-ion Battery Packs Fiat Research Center, Orbassano, Italy Michele Gosso and Antonio Fiumara

  2. The Challenge • Electric vehicles require 350V of power, generated by lithium-ion battery pouch cells • As many as 100 of these battery pouch cells are combined into battery packs • Packs must be as small and light as possible • Battery packs must also have adequate cooling • Cells are wired in series so if heat causes one to break, the entire pack is impacted • It is difficult to embed thermocouples within the packs so investigating internal temperature distribution is more challenging Three types of lithium-ion batteries. Fiat uses a series of 100 or so of the pouch cells to power their vehicles

  3. The Solution • Models shed light on hot spots in the cell and provide valuable information about internal heat distribution • Data obtained has permitted the reduction of physical channels between the cells • This permits a reduction of space and also lessens the weight of the pack by using a smaller frame • The lighter, smaller pack produced is more adaptable for use in a larger variety of vehicles • Use of modeling reduced design time by 70% A comparison of model and experimental results at one of the thermocouples on the surface of the lithium cell. The results show a maximum difference of 1 °C between the two.

  4. The Simulation • First divide each surface of the pouch cell into nine areas, corresponding to the cell’s thermocouples. Then examine the temperature distribution at various conditions on the surface as well as internally and compare • The pack as a whole can then be modeled Surface heat of a lithium-ion battery pack — the uniform heat distribution is an important parameter

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