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The Kingdom Animalia : Unifying Characteristics and Major Divisions

The Kingdom Animalia : Unifying Characteristics and Major Divisions. I edited this power point from Eric Kessler . Unifying Characteristics. Multicellular Can generate movement Haploid Gametes Diploid Somatic Cells Embryonic Development Mitochondrial Eukaryotes Heterotrophic

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The Kingdom Animalia : Unifying Characteristics and Major Divisions

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  1. The Kingdom Animalia:Unifying Characteristics and Major Divisions I edited this power point from Eric Kessler

  2. Unifying Characteristics • Multicellular • Can generate movement • Haploid Gametes • Diploid Somatic Cells • Embryonic Development • Mitochondrial Eukaryotes • Heterotrophic • Aerobic Respiring

  3. Haploid Gametes • In animals the adults produce haploid (having half the number of chromosomes) gametes through meiosis

  4. Diploid Somatic Cells • As the zygote develops the resulting body or somatic cells are diploid

  5. The Embryonic Blastula • After fertilization of an egg by sperm, the resulting diploid (having two pairs of chromosomes) zygote rapidly goes through mitosis • All animals become a hollow sphere of cells called a blastula

  6. Gastrulation & The Gut • After the blastula stage, in some animals cells migrate to the interior forming the primitive gut • In Protostomes the initial pore forms the mouth, while in the Deuterostomes this pore forms the anus

  7. Mitochondrial Eukaryotes • Cells contain Mitochondria inside that carry on Cellular Respiration • O2 + Glucose CO2 + H2O + ATP

  8. Heterotrophic and Aerobic Respiring • In order to acquire the Glucose necessary for cellular respiration animals must be consumers and eat organisms already containing glucose • In order to acquire the Oxygen gas necessary for cellular respiration animals must have mechanisms of obtaining oxygen

  9. The Body Planes

  10. Types of symmetry Photo. http://images.tutorvista.com/content/animal-kingdom/animal-symmetry-types.jpeg accessed 8/21/2012 11:32 EST.

  11. Spherical Symmetry

  12. Radial Symmetry • Body plan in which the body parts are arranged regularly around a central axis (multiple planes cut into mirror halves)

  13. Bilateral Symmetry • Body plan in which body parts are arranged into a left and right around a central plane (one plane cuts into mirror images) • Cephalization results from this plan

  14. Cephalization • This describes the collection of neural cells into one common location to form a brain or ganglion. • Usually in bilateral animals. • Is associated with a mouth since mouths require so much information processing. Left: brain of child with Microcephaly Right normal child’s brain size Cephalopod head foot

  15. Segmentation • Segmented organisms have a repeating series of body units that may or may not be similar to one another

  16. Major Divisions • Symmetry, Movement, & Cephalization • Gastrulation & Gut Formation • Dermal Tissues & Coelome Development • Segmentation

  17. Coelome Development:Acoelomate • The coelome is a fluid filled cavity surrounded by mesodermal tissue • Acoelomate animals lack a fluid filled cavity and are Triploblastic

  18. Pseudocoelomate • Pseudocoelomate animals have a fluid filled cavity but it is not contained within mesoderm tissue. Instead it lies between the mesoderm and endoderm • Pseudocoelomates are Triploblastic (having an Ectoderm, Endoderm, and Mesoderm)

  19. Eucoelomate • Eucoelomate animals have a true fluid filled cavity contained with in the mesoderm • Eucoelomates are also Triploblastic

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